Elucidating the Role of Innate and Adaptive Immune Responses in the Pathogenesis of Canine Chronic Inflammatory Enteropathy—A Search for Potential Biomarkers
SIMPLE SUMMARY: Canine chronic inflammatory enteropathy (CIE) is a chronic disease affecting the small or large intestine and, in some cases, the stomach of dogs. This gastrointestinal disorder is common and is characterized by recurrent vomiting, diarrhea, and weight loss in affected dogs. The path...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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MDPI
2022
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9264988/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35804545 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani12131645 |
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author | Siel, Daniela Beltrán, Caroll J. Martínez, Eduard Pino, Macarena Vargas, Nazla Salinas, Alexandra Pérez, Oliver Pereira, Ismael Ramírez-Toloza, Galia |
author_facet | Siel, Daniela Beltrán, Caroll J. Martínez, Eduard Pino, Macarena Vargas, Nazla Salinas, Alexandra Pérez, Oliver Pereira, Ismael Ramírez-Toloza, Galia |
author_sort | Siel, Daniela |
collection | PubMed |
description | SIMPLE SUMMARY: Canine chronic inflammatory enteropathy (CIE) is a chronic disease affecting the small or large intestine and, in some cases, the stomach of dogs. This gastrointestinal disorder is common and is characterized by recurrent vomiting, diarrhea, and weight loss in affected dogs. The pathogenesis of IBD is not completely understood. Similar to human IBD, potential disease factors include genetics, environmental exposures, and dysregulation of the microbiota and the immune response. Some important components of the innate and adaptive immune response involved in CIE pathogenesis have been described. However, the immunopathogenesis of the disease has not been fully elucidated. In this review, we summarized the literature associated with the different cell types and molecules involved in the immunopathogenesis of CIE, with the aim of advancing the search for biomarkers with possible diagnostic, prognostic, or therapeutic utility. ABSTRACT: Canine chronic inflammatory enteropathy (CIE) is one of the most common chronic gastrointestinal diseases affecting dogs worldwide. Genetic and environmental factors, as well as intestinal microbiota and dysregulated host immune responses, participate in this multifactorial disease. Despite advances explaining the immunological and molecular mechanisms involved in CIE development, the exact pathogenesis is still unknown. This review compiles the latest reports and advances that describe the main molecular and cellular mechanisms of both the innate and adaptive immune responses involved in canine CIE pathogenesis. Future studies should focus research on the characterization of the immunopathogenesis of canine CIE in order to advance the establishment of biomarkers and molecular targets of diagnostic, prognostic, or therapeutic utility. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9264988 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-92649882022-07-09 Elucidating the Role of Innate and Adaptive Immune Responses in the Pathogenesis of Canine Chronic Inflammatory Enteropathy—A Search for Potential Biomarkers Siel, Daniela Beltrán, Caroll J. Martínez, Eduard Pino, Macarena Vargas, Nazla Salinas, Alexandra Pérez, Oliver Pereira, Ismael Ramírez-Toloza, Galia Animals (Basel) Review SIMPLE SUMMARY: Canine chronic inflammatory enteropathy (CIE) is a chronic disease affecting the small or large intestine and, in some cases, the stomach of dogs. This gastrointestinal disorder is common and is characterized by recurrent vomiting, diarrhea, and weight loss in affected dogs. The pathogenesis of IBD is not completely understood. Similar to human IBD, potential disease factors include genetics, environmental exposures, and dysregulation of the microbiota and the immune response. Some important components of the innate and adaptive immune response involved in CIE pathogenesis have been described. However, the immunopathogenesis of the disease has not been fully elucidated. In this review, we summarized the literature associated with the different cell types and molecules involved in the immunopathogenesis of CIE, with the aim of advancing the search for biomarkers with possible diagnostic, prognostic, or therapeutic utility. ABSTRACT: Canine chronic inflammatory enteropathy (CIE) is one of the most common chronic gastrointestinal diseases affecting dogs worldwide. Genetic and environmental factors, as well as intestinal microbiota and dysregulated host immune responses, participate in this multifactorial disease. Despite advances explaining the immunological and molecular mechanisms involved in CIE development, the exact pathogenesis is still unknown. This review compiles the latest reports and advances that describe the main molecular and cellular mechanisms of both the innate and adaptive immune responses involved in canine CIE pathogenesis. Future studies should focus research on the characterization of the immunopathogenesis of canine CIE in order to advance the establishment of biomarkers and molecular targets of diagnostic, prognostic, or therapeutic utility. MDPI 2022-06-27 /pmc/articles/PMC9264988/ /pubmed/35804545 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani12131645 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Siel, Daniela Beltrán, Caroll J. Martínez, Eduard Pino, Macarena Vargas, Nazla Salinas, Alexandra Pérez, Oliver Pereira, Ismael Ramírez-Toloza, Galia Elucidating the Role of Innate and Adaptive Immune Responses in the Pathogenesis of Canine Chronic Inflammatory Enteropathy—A Search for Potential Biomarkers |
title | Elucidating the Role of Innate and Adaptive Immune Responses in the Pathogenesis of Canine Chronic Inflammatory Enteropathy—A Search for Potential Biomarkers |
title_full | Elucidating the Role of Innate and Adaptive Immune Responses in the Pathogenesis of Canine Chronic Inflammatory Enteropathy—A Search for Potential Biomarkers |
title_fullStr | Elucidating the Role of Innate and Adaptive Immune Responses in the Pathogenesis of Canine Chronic Inflammatory Enteropathy—A Search for Potential Biomarkers |
title_full_unstemmed | Elucidating the Role of Innate and Adaptive Immune Responses in the Pathogenesis of Canine Chronic Inflammatory Enteropathy—A Search for Potential Biomarkers |
title_short | Elucidating the Role of Innate and Adaptive Immune Responses in the Pathogenesis of Canine Chronic Inflammatory Enteropathy—A Search for Potential Biomarkers |
title_sort | elucidating the role of innate and adaptive immune responses in the pathogenesis of canine chronic inflammatory enteropathy—a search for potential biomarkers |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9264988/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35804545 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani12131645 |
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