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Methodological Progress of Stereology in Cardiac Research and Its Application to Normal and Pathological Heart Development
Design-based stereology is the gold standard for obtaining unbiased quantitative morphological data on volume, surface area, and length, as well as the number of tissues, cells or organelles. In cardiac research, the introduction of a stereological method to unbiasedly estimate the number of cardiom...
Autores principales: | , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9265976/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35805115 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells11132032 |
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author | Mühlfeld, Christian Schipke, Julia |
author_facet | Mühlfeld, Christian Schipke, Julia |
author_sort | Mühlfeld, Christian |
collection | PubMed |
description | Design-based stereology is the gold standard for obtaining unbiased quantitative morphological data on volume, surface area, and length, as well as the number of tissues, cells or organelles. In cardiac research, the introduction of a stereological method to unbiasedly estimate the number of cardiomyocytes has considerably increased the use of stereology. Since its original description, various modifications to this method have been described. A particular field in which this method has been employed is the normal developmental life cycle of cardiomyocytes after birth, and particularly the question of when, during postnatal development, cardiomyocytes lose their capacity to divide and proliferate, and thus their inherent regenerative ability. This field is directly related to a second major application of stereology in recent years, addressing the question of what consequences intrauterine growth restriction has on the development of the heart, particularly of cardiomyocytes. Advances have also been made regarding the quantification of nerve fibers and collagen deposition as measures of heart innervation and fibrosis. In the present review article, we highlight the methodological progress made in the last 20 years and demonstrate how stereology has helped to gain insight into the process of normal cardiac development, and how it is affected by intrauterine growth restriction. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9265976 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-92659762022-07-09 Methodological Progress of Stereology in Cardiac Research and Its Application to Normal and Pathological Heart Development Mühlfeld, Christian Schipke, Julia Cells Review Design-based stereology is the gold standard for obtaining unbiased quantitative morphological data on volume, surface area, and length, as well as the number of tissues, cells or organelles. In cardiac research, the introduction of a stereological method to unbiasedly estimate the number of cardiomyocytes has considerably increased the use of stereology. Since its original description, various modifications to this method have been described. A particular field in which this method has been employed is the normal developmental life cycle of cardiomyocytes after birth, and particularly the question of when, during postnatal development, cardiomyocytes lose their capacity to divide and proliferate, and thus their inherent regenerative ability. This field is directly related to a second major application of stereology in recent years, addressing the question of what consequences intrauterine growth restriction has on the development of the heart, particularly of cardiomyocytes. Advances have also been made regarding the quantification of nerve fibers and collagen deposition as measures of heart innervation and fibrosis. In the present review article, we highlight the methodological progress made in the last 20 years and demonstrate how stereology has helped to gain insight into the process of normal cardiac development, and how it is affected by intrauterine growth restriction. MDPI 2022-06-26 /pmc/articles/PMC9265976/ /pubmed/35805115 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells11132032 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Mühlfeld, Christian Schipke, Julia Methodological Progress of Stereology in Cardiac Research and Its Application to Normal and Pathological Heart Development |
title | Methodological Progress of Stereology in Cardiac Research and Its Application to Normal and Pathological Heart Development |
title_full | Methodological Progress of Stereology in Cardiac Research and Its Application to Normal and Pathological Heart Development |
title_fullStr | Methodological Progress of Stereology in Cardiac Research and Its Application to Normal and Pathological Heart Development |
title_full_unstemmed | Methodological Progress of Stereology in Cardiac Research and Its Application to Normal and Pathological Heart Development |
title_short | Methodological Progress of Stereology in Cardiac Research and Its Application to Normal and Pathological Heart Development |
title_sort | methodological progress of stereology in cardiac research and its application to normal and pathological heart development |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9265976/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35805115 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells11132032 |
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