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Plant Responses to Herbivory, Wounding, and Infection
Plants have various self-defense mechanisms against biotic attacks, involving both physical and chemical barriers. Physical barriers include spines, trichomes, and cuticle layers, whereas chemical barriers include secondary metabolites (SMs) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Complex interaction...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9266417/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35806046 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23137031 |
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author | Mostafa, Salma Wang, Yun Zeng, Wen Jin, Biao |
author_facet | Mostafa, Salma Wang, Yun Zeng, Wen Jin, Biao |
author_sort | Mostafa, Salma |
collection | PubMed |
description | Plants have various self-defense mechanisms against biotic attacks, involving both physical and chemical barriers. Physical barriers include spines, trichomes, and cuticle layers, whereas chemical barriers include secondary metabolites (SMs) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Complex interactions between plants and herbivores occur. Plant responses to insect herbivory begin with the perception of physical stimuli, chemical compounds (orally secreted by insects and herbivore-induced VOCs) during feeding. Plant cell membranes then generate ion fluxes that create differences in plasma membrane potential (Vm), which provokes the initiation of signal transduction, the activation of various hormones (e.g., jasmonic acid, salicylic acid, and ethylene), and the release of VOCs and SMs. This review of recent studies of plant–herbivore–infection interactions focuses on early and late plant responses, including physical barriers, signal transduction, SM production as well as epigenetic regulation, and phytohormone responses. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9266417 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-92664172022-07-09 Plant Responses to Herbivory, Wounding, and Infection Mostafa, Salma Wang, Yun Zeng, Wen Jin, Biao Int J Mol Sci Review Plants have various self-defense mechanisms against biotic attacks, involving both physical and chemical barriers. Physical barriers include spines, trichomes, and cuticle layers, whereas chemical barriers include secondary metabolites (SMs) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Complex interactions between plants and herbivores occur. Plant responses to insect herbivory begin with the perception of physical stimuli, chemical compounds (orally secreted by insects and herbivore-induced VOCs) during feeding. Plant cell membranes then generate ion fluxes that create differences in plasma membrane potential (Vm), which provokes the initiation of signal transduction, the activation of various hormones (e.g., jasmonic acid, salicylic acid, and ethylene), and the release of VOCs and SMs. This review of recent studies of plant–herbivore–infection interactions focuses on early and late plant responses, including physical barriers, signal transduction, SM production as well as epigenetic regulation, and phytohormone responses. MDPI 2022-06-24 /pmc/articles/PMC9266417/ /pubmed/35806046 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23137031 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Mostafa, Salma Wang, Yun Zeng, Wen Jin, Biao Plant Responses to Herbivory, Wounding, and Infection |
title | Plant Responses to Herbivory, Wounding, and Infection |
title_full | Plant Responses to Herbivory, Wounding, and Infection |
title_fullStr | Plant Responses to Herbivory, Wounding, and Infection |
title_full_unstemmed | Plant Responses to Herbivory, Wounding, and Infection |
title_short | Plant Responses to Herbivory, Wounding, and Infection |
title_sort | plant responses to herbivory, wounding, and infection |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9266417/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35806046 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23137031 |
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