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MicroRNA Methylome Signature and Their Functional Roles in Colorectal Cancer Diagnosis, Prognosis, and Chemoresistance

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Despite significant advances in the diagnostic services and patient care, several gaps remain to be addressed, from early detection, to identifying prognostic variables, effective treatment for the metastatic di...

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Autores principales: Baharudin, Rashidah, Rus Bakarurraini, Nurul Qistina, Ismail, Imilia, Lee, Learn-Han, Ab Mutalib, Nurul Syakima
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9266458/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35806286
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23137281
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author Baharudin, Rashidah
Rus Bakarurraini, Nurul Qistina
Ismail, Imilia
Lee, Learn-Han
Ab Mutalib, Nurul Syakima
author_facet Baharudin, Rashidah
Rus Bakarurraini, Nurul Qistina
Ismail, Imilia
Lee, Learn-Han
Ab Mutalib, Nurul Syakima
author_sort Baharudin, Rashidah
collection PubMed
description Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Despite significant advances in the diagnostic services and patient care, several gaps remain to be addressed, from early detection, to identifying prognostic variables, effective treatment for the metastatic disease, and the implementation of tailored treatment strategies. MicroRNAs, the short non-coding RNA species, are deregulated in CRC and play a significant role in the occurrence and progression. Nevertheless, microRNA research has historically been based on expression levels to determine its biological significance. The exact mechanism underpinning microRNA deregulation in cancer has yet to be elucidated, but several studies have demonstrated that epigenetic mechanisms play important roles in the regulation of microRNA expression, particularly DNA methylation. However, the methylation profiles of microRNAs remain unknown in CRC patients. Methylation is the next major paradigm shift in cancer detection since large-scale epigenetic alterations are potentially better in identifying and classifying cancers at an earlier stage than somatic mutations. This review aims to provide insight into the current state of understanding of microRNA methylation in CRC. The new knowledge from this study can be utilized for personalized health diagnostics, disease prediction, and monitoring of treatment.
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spelling pubmed-92664582022-07-09 MicroRNA Methylome Signature and Their Functional Roles in Colorectal Cancer Diagnosis, Prognosis, and Chemoresistance Baharudin, Rashidah Rus Bakarurraini, Nurul Qistina Ismail, Imilia Lee, Learn-Han Ab Mutalib, Nurul Syakima Int J Mol Sci Review Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Despite significant advances in the diagnostic services and patient care, several gaps remain to be addressed, from early detection, to identifying prognostic variables, effective treatment for the metastatic disease, and the implementation of tailored treatment strategies. MicroRNAs, the short non-coding RNA species, are deregulated in CRC and play a significant role in the occurrence and progression. Nevertheless, microRNA research has historically been based on expression levels to determine its biological significance. The exact mechanism underpinning microRNA deregulation in cancer has yet to be elucidated, but several studies have demonstrated that epigenetic mechanisms play important roles in the regulation of microRNA expression, particularly DNA methylation. However, the methylation profiles of microRNAs remain unknown in CRC patients. Methylation is the next major paradigm shift in cancer detection since large-scale epigenetic alterations are potentially better in identifying and classifying cancers at an earlier stage than somatic mutations. This review aims to provide insight into the current state of understanding of microRNA methylation in CRC. The new knowledge from this study can be utilized for personalized health diagnostics, disease prediction, and monitoring of treatment. MDPI 2022-06-30 /pmc/articles/PMC9266458/ /pubmed/35806286 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23137281 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Baharudin, Rashidah
Rus Bakarurraini, Nurul Qistina
Ismail, Imilia
Lee, Learn-Han
Ab Mutalib, Nurul Syakima
MicroRNA Methylome Signature and Their Functional Roles in Colorectal Cancer Diagnosis, Prognosis, and Chemoresistance
title MicroRNA Methylome Signature and Their Functional Roles in Colorectal Cancer Diagnosis, Prognosis, and Chemoresistance
title_full MicroRNA Methylome Signature and Their Functional Roles in Colorectal Cancer Diagnosis, Prognosis, and Chemoresistance
title_fullStr MicroRNA Methylome Signature and Their Functional Roles in Colorectal Cancer Diagnosis, Prognosis, and Chemoresistance
title_full_unstemmed MicroRNA Methylome Signature and Their Functional Roles in Colorectal Cancer Diagnosis, Prognosis, and Chemoresistance
title_short MicroRNA Methylome Signature and Their Functional Roles in Colorectal Cancer Diagnosis, Prognosis, and Chemoresistance
title_sort microrna methylome signature and their functional roles in colorectal cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and chemoresistance
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9266458/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35806286
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23137281
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