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Potential Suicide Prophylactic Activity by the Fish Oil Metabolite, 4-Hydroxyhexenal

Low levels of n-3 poly-unsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) and high levels of n-6 PUFAs in the blood circulation are associated with an increased risk for suicide. Clinical studies indicate that docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, a n-3 PUFA found in fish-oil) displays protective effects against suicide. It...

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Autor principal: Kalkman, Hans O.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9266565/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35805959
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23136953
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author Kalkman, Hans O.
author_facet Kalkman, Hans O.
author_sort Kalkman, Hans O.
collection PubMed
description Low levels of n-3 poly-unsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) and high levels of n-6 PUFAs in the blood circulation are associated with an increased risk for suicide. Clinical studies indicate that docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, a n-3 PUFA found in fish-oil) displays protective effects against suicide. It has recently been proposed that the activation of the transcription factor NRF2 might be the pharmacological activity that is common to current anti-suicidal medications. Oxidation products from fish oil, including those from DHA, are electrophiles that reversibly bind to a protein ‘KEAP1’, which acts as the molecular inhibitor of NRF2 and so indirectly promotes NRF2-transcriptional activity. In the majority of publications, the NRF2-stimulant effect of DHA is ascribed to the metabolite 4-hydroxyhexenal (4HHE). It is suggested to investigate whether 4HHE will display a therapeutically useful anti-suicidal efficacy.
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spelling pubmed-92665652022-07-09 Potential Suicide Prophylactic Activity by the Fish Oil Metabolite, 4-Hydroxyhexenal Kalkman, Hans O. Int J Mol Sci Commentary Low levels of n-3 poly-unsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) and high levels of n-6 PUFAs in the blood circulation are associated with an increased risk for suicide. Clinical studies indicate that docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, a n-3 PUFA found in fish-oil) displays protective effects against suicide. It has recently been proposed that the activation of the transcription factor NRF2 might be the pharmacological activity that is common to current anti-suicidal medications. Oxidation products from fish oil, including those from DHA, are electrophiles that reversibly bind to a protein ‘KEAP1’, which acts as the molecular inhibitor of NRF2 and so indirectly promotes NRF2-transcriptional activity. In the majority of publications, the NRF2-stimulant effect of DHA is ascribed to the metabolite 4-hydroxyhexenal (4HHE). It is suggested to investigate whether 4HHE will display a therapeutically useful anti-suicidal efficacy. MDPI 2022-06-23 /pmc/articles/PMC9266565/ /pubmed/35805959 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23136953 Text en © 2022 by the author. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Commentary
Kalkman, Hans O.
Potential Suicide Prophylactic Activity by the Fish Oil Metabolite, 4-Hydroxyhexenal
title Potential Suicide Prophylactic Activity by the Fish Oil Metabolite, 4-Hydroxyhexenal
title_full Potential Suicide Prophylactic Activity by the Fish Oil Metabolite, 4-Hydroxyhexenal
title_fullStr Potential Suicide Prophylactic Activity by the Fish Oil Metabolite, 4-Hydroxyhexenal
title_full_unstemmed Potential Suicide Prophylactic Activity by the Fish Oil Metabolite, 4-Hydroxyhexenal
title_short Potential Suicide Prophylactic Activity by the Fish Oil Metabolite, 4-Hydroxyhexenal
title_sort potential suicide prophylactic activity by the fish oil metabolite, 4-hydroxyhexenal
topic Commentary
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9266565/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35805959
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23136953
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