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Potential Suicide Prophylactic Activity by the Fish Oil Metabolite, 4-Hydroxyhexenal
Low levels of n-3 poly-unsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) and high levels of n-6 PUFAs in the blood circulation are associated with an increased risk for suicide. Clinical studies indicate that docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, a n-3 PUFA found in fish-oil) displays protective effects against suicide. It...
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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MDPI
2022
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9266565/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35805959 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23136953 |
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author | Kalkman, Hans O. |
author_facet | Kalkman, Hans O. |
author_sort | Kalkman, Hans O. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Low levels of n-3 poly-unsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) and high levels of n-6 PUFAs in the blood circulation are associated with an increased risk for suicide. Clinical studies indicate that docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, a n-3 PUFA found in fish-oil) displays protective effects against suicide. It has recently been proposed that the activation of the transcription factor NRF2 might be the pharmacological activity that is common to current anti-suicidal medications. Oxidation products from fish oil, including those from DHA, are electrophiles that reversibly bind to a protein ‘KEAP1’, which acts as the molecular inhibitor of NRF2 and so indirectly promotes NRF2-transcriptional activity. In the majority of publications, the NRF2-stimulant effect of DHA is ascribed to the metabolite 4-hydroxyhexenal (4HHE). It is suggested to investigate whether 4HHE will display a therapeutically useful anti-suicidal efficacy. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9266565 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-92665652022-07-09 Potential Suicide Prophylactic Activity by the Fish Oil Metabolite, 4-Hydroxyhexenal Kalkman, Hans O. Int J Mol Sci Commentary Low levels of n-3 poly-unsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) and high levels of n-6 PUFAs in the blood circulation are associated with an increased risk for suicide. Clinical studies indicate that docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, a n-3 PUFA found in fish-oil) displays protective effects against suicide. It has recently been proposed that the activation of the transcription factor NRF2 might be the pharmacological activity that is common to current anti-suicidal medications. Oxidation products from fish oil, including those from DHA, are electrophiles that reversibly bind to a protein ‘KEAP1’, which acts as the molecular inhibitor of NRF2 and so indirectly promotes NRF2-transcriptional activity. In the majority of publications, the NRF2-stimulant effect of DHA is ascribed to the metabolite 4-hydroxyhexenal (4HHE). It is suggested to investigate whether 4HHE will display a therapeutically useful anti-suicidal efficacy. MDPI 2022-06-23 /pmc/articles/PMC9266565/ /pubmed/35805959 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23136953 Text en © 2022 by the author. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Commentary Kalkman, Hans O. Potential Suicide Prophylactic Activity by the Fish Oil Metabolite, 4-Hydroxyhexenal |
title | Potential Suicide Prophylactic Activity by the Fish Oil Metabolite, 4-Hydroxyhexenal |
title_full | Potential Suicide Prophylactic Activity by the Fish Oil Metabolite, 4-Hydroxyhexenal |
title_fullStr | Potential Suicide Prophylactic Activity by the Fish Oil Metabolite, 4-Hydroxyhexenal |
title_full_unstemmed | Potential Suicide Prophylactic Activity by the Fish Oil Metabolite, 4-Hydroxyhexenal |
title_short | Potential Suicide Prophylactic Activity by the Fish Oil Metabolite, 4-Hydroxyhexenal |
title_sort | potential suicide prophylactic activity by the fish oil metabolite, 4-hydroxyhexenal |
topic | Commentary |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9266565/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35805959 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23136953 |
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