CAR T Cell Therapy in Hematological Malignancies: Implications of the Tumor Microenvironment and Biomarkers on Efficacy and Toxicity

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy has ushered in a new era in cancer treatment. Remarkable outcomes have been demonstrated in patients with previously untreatable relapsed/refractory hematological malignancies. However, optimizing efficacy and reducing the risk of toxicities have posed...

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Autores principales: Tan, Jing Yuan, Low, Muhammed Haiqal, Chen, Yunxin, Lim, Francesca Lorraine Wei Inng
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Review
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9266637/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35805933
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23136931
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author Tan, Jing Yuan
Low, Muhammed Haiqal
Chen, Yunxin
Lim, Francesca Lorraine Wei Inng
author_facet Tan, Jing Yuan
Low, Muhammed Haiqal
Chen, Yunxin
Lim, Francesca Lorraine Wei Inng
author_sort Tan, Jing Yuan
collection PubMed
description Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy has ushered in a new era in cancer treatment. Remarkable outcomes have been demonstrated in patients with previously untreatable relapsed/refractory hematological malignancies. However, optimizing efficacy and reducing the risk of toxicities have posed major challenges, limiting the success of this therapy. The tumor microenvironment (TME) plays an important role in CAR T cell therapy’s effectiveness and the risk of toxicities. Increasing research studies have also identified various biomarkers that can predict its effectiveness and risk of toxicities. In this review, we discuss the various aspects of the TME and biomarkers that have been implicated thus far and discuss the role of creating scoring systems that can aid in further refining clinical applications of CAR T cell therapy and establishing a safe and efficacious personalised medicine for individuals.
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spelling pubmed-92666372022-07-09 CAR T Cell Therapy in Hematological Malignancies: Implications of the Tumor Microenvironment and Biomarkers on Efficacy and Toxicity Tan, Jing Yuan Low, Muhammed Haiqal Chen, Yunxin Lim, Francesca Lorraine Wei Inng Int J Mol Sci Review Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy has ushered in a new era in cancer treatment. Remarkable outcomes have been demonstrated in patients with previously untreatable relapsed/refractory hematological malignancies. However, optimizing efficacy and reducing the risk of toxicities have posed major challenges, limiting the success of this therapy. The tumor microenvironment (TME) plays an important role in CAR T cell therapy’s effectiveness and the risk of toxicities. Increasing research studies have also identified various biomarkers that can predict its effectiveness and risk of toxicities. In this review, we discuss the various aspects of the TME and biomarkers that have been implicated thus far and discuss the role of creating scoring systems that can aid in further refining clinical applications of CAR T cell therapy and establishing a safe and efficacious personalised medicine for individuals. MDPI 2022-06-22 /pmc/articles/PMC9266637/ /pubmed/35805933 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23136931 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Tan, Jing Yuan
Low, Muhammed Haiqal
Chen, Yunxin
Lim, Francesca Lorraine Wei Inng
CAR T Cell Therapy in Hematological Malignancies: Implications of the Tumor Microenvironment and Biomarkers on Efficacy and Toxicity
title CAR T Cell Therapy in Hematological Malignancies: Implications of the Tumor Microenvironment and Biomarkers on Efficacy and Toxicity
title_full CAR T Cell Therapy in Hematological Malignancies: Implications of the Tumor Microenvironment and Biomarkers on Efficacy and Toxicity
title_fullStr CAR T Cell Therapy in Hematological Malignancies: Implications of the Tumor Microenvironment and Biomarkers on Efficacy and Toxicity
title_full_unstemmed CAR T Cell Therapy in Hematological Malignancies: Implications of the Tumor Microenvironment and Biomarkers on Efficacy and Toxicity
title_short CAR T Cell Therapy in Hematological Malignancies: Implications of the Tumor Microenvironment and Biomarkers on Efficacy and Toxicity
title_sort car t cell therapy in hematological malignancies: implications of the tumor microenvironment and biomarkers on efficacy and toxicity
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9266637/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35805933
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23136931
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