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Age-Related Hearing Loss: The Link between Inflammaging, Immunosenescence, and Gut Dysbiosis

This article provides a theoretical overview of the association between age-related hearing loss (ARHL), immune system ageing (immunosenescence), and chronic inflammation. ARHL, or presbyacusis, is the most common sensory disability that significantly reduces the quality of life and has a high econo...

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Autores principales: Kociszewska, Dagmara, Vlajkovic, Srdjan
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9266910/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35806352
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23137348
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author Kociszewska, Dagmara
Vlajkovic, Srdjan
author_facet Kociszewska, Dagmara
Vlajkovic, Srdjan
author_sort Kociszewska, Dagmara
collection PubMed
description This article provides a theoretical overview of the association between age-related hearing loss (ARHL), immune system ageing (immunosenescence), and chronic inflammation. ARHL, or presbyacusis, is the most common sensory disability that significantly reduces the quality of life and has a high economic impact. This disorder is linked to genetic risk factors but is also influenced by a lifelong cumulative effect of environmental stressors, such as noise, otological diseases, or ototoxic drugs. Age-related hearing loss and other age-related disorders share common mechanisms which often converge on low-grade chronic inflammation known as “inflammaging”. Various stimuli can sustain inflammaging, including pathogens, cell debris, nutrients, and gut microbiota. As a result of ageing, the immune system can become defective, leading to the accumulation of unresolved inflammatory processes in the body. Gut microbiota plays a central role in inflammaging because it can release inflammatory mediators and crosstalk with other organ systems. A proinflammatory gut environment associated with ageing could result in a leaky gut and the translocation of bacterial metabolites and inflammatory mediators to distant organs via the systemic circulation. Here, we postulate that inflammaging, as a result of immunosenescence and gut dysbiosis, accelerates age-related cochlear degeneration, contributing to the development of ARHL. Age-dependent gut dysbiosis was included as a hypothetical link that should receive more attention in future studies.
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spelling pubmed-92669102022-07-09 Age-Related Hearing Loss: The Link between Inflammaging, Immunosenescence, and Gut Dysbiosis Kociszewska, Dagmara Vlajkovic, Srdjan Int J Mol Sci Review This article provides a theoretical overview of the association between age-related hearing loss (ARHL), immune system ageing (immunosenescence), and chronic inflammation. ARHL, or presbyacusis, is the most common sensory disability that significantly reduces the quality of life and has a high economic impact. This disorder is linked to genetic risk factors but is also influenced by a lifelong cumulative effect of environmental stressors, such as noise, otological diseases, or ototoxic drugs. Age-related hearing loss and other age-related disorders share common mechanisms which often converge on low-grade chronic inflammation known as “inflammaging”. Various stimuli can sustain inflammaging, including pathogens, cell debris, nutrients, and gut microbiota. As a result of ageing, the immune system can become defective, leading to the accumulation of unresolved inflammatory processes in the body. Gut microbiota plays a central role in inflammaging because it can release inflammatory mediators and crosstalk with other organ systems. A proinflammatory gut environment associated with ageing could result in a leaky gut and the translocation of bacterial metabolites and inflammatory mediators to distant organs via the systemic circulation. Here, we postulate that inflammaging, as a result of immunosenescence and gut dysbiosis, accelerates age-related cochlear degeneration, contributing to the development of ARHL. Age-dependent gut dysbiosis was included as a hypothetical link that should receive more attention in future studies. MDPI 2022-07-01 /pmc/articles/PMC9266910/ /pubmed/35806352 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23137348 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Kociszewska, Dagmara
Vlajkovic, Srdjan
Age-Related Hearing Loss: The Link between Inflammaging, Immunosenescence, and Gut Dysbiosis
title Age-Related Hearing Loss: The Link between Inflammaging, Immunosenescence, and Gut Dysbiosis
title_full Age-Related Hearing Loss: The Link between Inflammaging, Immunosenescence, and Gut Dysbiosis
title_fullStr Age-Related Hearing Loss: The Link between Inflammaging, Immunosenescence, and Gut Dysbiosis
title_full_unstemmed Age-Related Hearing Loss: The Link between Inflammaging, Immunosenescence, and Gut Dysbiosis
title_short Age-Related Hearing Loss: The Link between Inflammaging, Immunosenescence, and Gut Dysbiosis
title_sort age-related hearing loss: the link between inflammaging, immunosenescence, and gut dysbiosis
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9266910/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35806352
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23137348
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