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Effectiveness of Dietary Interventions to Treat Iron-Deficiency Anemia in Women: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials

Iron-deficiency anemia is the most frequent nutritional deficiency, with women of reproductive age being particularly at risk of its development. The aim of the systematic review was to assess the effectiveness of dietary interventions to treat iron-deficiency anemia in women based on the randomized...

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Autores principales: Skolmowska, Dominika, Głąbska, Dominika, Kołota, Aleksandra, Guzek, Dominika
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9268692/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35807904
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu14132724
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author Skolmowska, Dominika
Głąbska, Dominika
Kołota, Aleksandra
Guzek, Dominika
author_facet Skolmowska, Dominika
Głąbska, Dominika
Kołota, Aleksandra
Guzek, Dominika
author_sort Skolmowska, Dominika
collection PubMed
description Iron-deficiency anemia is the most frequent nutritional deficiency, with women of reproductive age being particularly at risk of its development. The aim of the systematic review was to assess the effectiveness of dietary interventions to treat iron-deficiency anemia in women based on the randomized controlled trials. The systematic review was conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines and registered in the PROSPERO database (CRD42021261235). The searching procedure was based on PubMed and Web of Science databases, while it covered records published until June 2021. It included all randomized controlled trials assessing effectiveness of various dietary interventions on treatment of iron-deficiency anemia in women of childbearing age. The total number of 7825 records were screened, while 14 of them were finally included in the systematic review. The studies were screened, included, and reported, and the risk of bias was assessed using the revised Cochrane risk-of-bias tool for randomized trials by two independent researchers. The included studies compared the effectiveness of various dietary interventions with supplementation, placebo, control, or any other dietary intervention, while the assessed dietary interventions were based either on increasing iron supply and/or on increasing its absorption (by increasing vitamin C or vitamin D or decreasing phytate intake). The duration of applied intervention was diversified from 3 months or less, through 4 or 5 months, to half of a year or more. Among the assessed biochemical measures, the following were analyzed in majority of studies: hemoglobin, ferritin, transferrin receptor, hematocrit, and transferrin. The majority of included studies supported the influence of dietary interventions on the treatment of iron-deficiency anemia, as the applied dietary intervention was not effective in only three studies. The majority of included studies were assessed as characterized by medium risk of bias, while the overall risk was high for only four studies, which resulted from the randomization process, deviations from the intended interventions, and selection of the reported result. The majority of included studies were conducted for increasing iron supply and/or increasing vitamin C supply; however, only for the interventions including increasing iron supply and simultaneously increasing its absorption by vitamin C supply were all results confirmed effective. Vitamin D also seems to be an effective dietary treatment, but further studies are necessary to confirm the observations. Considering this fact, dietary interventions recommended for anemic female patients should include increased intake of iron and vitamin C.
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spelling pubmed-92686922022-07-09 Effectiveness of Dietary Interventions to Treat Iron-Deficiency Anemia in Women: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials Skolmowska, Dominika Głąbska, Dominika Kołota, Aleksandra Guzek, Dominika Nutrients Systematic Review Iron-deficiency anemia is the most frequent nutritional deficiency, with women of reproductive age being particularly at risk of its development. The aim of the systematic review was to assess the effectiveness of dietary interventions to treat iron-deficiency anemia in women based on the randomized controlled trials. The systematic review was conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines and registered in the PROSPERO database (CRD42021261235). The searching procedure was based on PubMed and Web of Science databases, while it covered records published until June 2021. It included all randomized controlled trials assessing effectiveness of various dietary interventions on treatment of iron-deficiency anemia in women of childbearing age. The total number of 7825 records were screened, while 14 of them were finally included in the systematic review. The studies were screened, included, and reported, and the risk of bias was assessed using the revised Cochrane risk-of-bias tool for randomized trials by two independent researchers. The included studies compared the effectiveness of various dietary interventions with supplementation, placebo, control, or any other dietary intervention, while the assessed dietary interventions were based either on increasing iron supply and/or on increasing its absorption (by increasing vitamin C or vitamin D or decreasing phytate intake). The duration of applied intervention was diversified from 3 months or less, through 4 or 5 months, to half of a year or more. Among the assessed biochemical measures, the following were analyzed in majority of studies: hemoglobin, ferritin, transferrin receptor, hematocrit, and transferrin. The majority of included studies supported the influence of dietary interventions on the treatment of iron-deficiency anemia, as the applied dietary intervention was not effective in only three studies. The majority of included studies were assessed as characterized by medium risk of bias, while the overall risk was high for only four studies, which resulted from the randomization process, deviations from the intended interventions, and selection of the reported result. The majority of included studies were conducted for increasing iron supply and/or increasing vitamin C supply; however, only for the interventions including increasing iron supply and simultaneously increasing its absorption by vitamin C supply were all results confirmed effective. Vitamin D also seems to be an effective dietary treatment, but further studies are necessary to confirm the observations. Considering this fact, dietary interventions recommended for anemic female patients should include increased intake of iron and vitamin C. MDPI 2022-06-30 /pmc/articles/PMC9268692/ /pubmed/35807904 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu14132724 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Systematic Review
Skolmowska, Dominika
Głąbska, Dominika
Kołota, Aleksandra
Guzek, Dominika
Effectiveness of Dietary Interventions to Treat Iron-Deficiency Anemia in Women: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials
title Effectiveness of Dietary Interventions to Treat Iron-Deficiency Anemia in Women: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials
title_full Effectiveness of Dietary Interventions to Treat Iron-Deficiency Anemia in Women: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials
title_fullStr Effectiveness of Dietary Interventions to Treat Iron-Deficiency Anemia in Women: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials
title_full_unstemmed Effectiveness of Dietary Interventions to Treat Iron-Deficiency Anemia in Women: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials
title_short Effectiveness of Dietary Interventions to Treat Iron-Deficiency Anemia in Women: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials
title_sort effectiveness of dietary interventions to treat iron-deficiency anemia in women: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials
topic Systematic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9268692/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35807904
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu14132724
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