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Characterization of 3D Printed Metal-PLA Composite Scaffolds for Biomedical Applications

Three-dimensional printing is revolutionizing the development of scaffolds due to their rapid-prototyping characteristics. One of the most used techniques is fused filament fabrication (FFF), which is fast and compatible with a wide range of polymers, such as PolyLactic Acid (PLA). Mechanical proper...

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Autores principales: Buj-Corral, Irene, Sanz-Fraile, Héctor, Ulldemolins, Anna, Tejo-Otero, Aitor, Domínguez-Fernández, Alejandro, Almendros, Isaac, Otero, Jorge
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9268876/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35808799
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14132754
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author Buj-Corral, Irene
Sanz-Fraile, Héctor
Ulldemolins, Anna
Tejo-Otero, Aitor
Domínguez-Fernández, Alejandro
Almendros, Isaac
Otero, Jorge
author_facet Buj-Corral, Irene
Sanz-Fraile, Héctor
Ulldemolins, Anna
Tejo-Otero, Aitor
Domínguez-Fernández, Alejandro
Almendros, Isaac
Otero, Jorge
author_sort Buj-Corral, Irene
collection PubMed
description Three-dimensional printing is revolutionizing the development of scaffolds due to their rapid-prototyping characteristics. One of the most used techniques is fused filament fabrication (FFF), which is fast and compatible with a wide range of polymers, such as PolyLactic Acid (PLA). Mechanical properties of the 3D printed polymeric scaffolds are often weak for certain applications. A potential solution is the development of composite materials. In the present work, metal-PLA composites have been tested as a material for 3D printing scaffolds. Three different materials were tested: copper-filled PLA, bronze-filled PLA, and steel-filled PLA. Disk-shaped samples were printed with linear infill patterns and line spacing of 0.6, 0.7, and 0.8 mm, respectively. The porosity of the samples was measured from cross-sectional images. Biocompatibility was assessed by culturing Human Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal on the surface of the printed scaffolds. The results showed that, for identical line spacing value, the highest porosity corresponded to bronze-filled material and the lowest one to steel-filled material. Steel-filled PLA polymers showed good cytocompatibility without the need to coat the material with biomolecules. Moreover, human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells differentiated towards osteoblasts when cultured on top of the developed scaffolds. Therefore, it can be concluded that steel-filled PLA bioprinted parts are valid scaffolds for bone tissue engineering.
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spelling pubmed-92688762022-07-09 Characterization of 3D Printed Metal-PLA Composite Scaffolds for Biomedical Applications Buj-Corral, Irene Sanz-Fraile, Héctor Ulldemolins, Anna Tejo-Otero, Aitor Domínguez-Fernández, Alejandro Almendros, Isaac Otero, Jorge Polymers (Basel) Communication Three-dimensional printing is revolutionizing the development of scaffolds due to their rapid-prototyping characteristics. One of the most used techniques is fused filament fabrication (FFF), which is fast and compatible with a wide range of polymers, such as PolyLactic Acid (PLA). Mechanical properties of the 3D printed polymeric scaffolds are often weak for certain applications. A potential solution is the development of composite materials. In the present work, metal-PLA composites have been tested as a material for 3D printing scaffolds. Three different materials were tested: copper-filled PLA, bronze-filled PLA, and steel-filled PLA. Disk-shaped samples were printed with linear infill patterns and line spacing of 0.6, 0.7, and 0.8 mm, respectively. The porosity of the samples was measured from cross-sectional images. Biocompatibility was assessed by culturing Human Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal on the surface of the printed scaffolds. The results showed that, for identical line spacing value, the highest porosity corresponded to bronze-filled material and the lowest one to steel-filled material. Steel-filled PLA polymers showed good cytocompatibility without the need to coat the material with biomolecules. Moreover, human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells differentiated towards osteoblasts when cultured on top of the developed scaffolds. Therefore, it can be concluded that steel-filled PLA bioprinted parts are valid scaffolds for bone tissue engineering. MDPI 2022-07-05 /pmc/articles/PMC9268876/ /pubmed/35808799 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14132754 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Communication
Buj-Corral, Irene
Sanz-Fraile, Héctor
Ulldemolins, Anna
Tejo-Otero, Aitor
Domínguez-Fernández, Alejandro
Almendros, Isaac
Otero, Jorge
Characterization of 3D Printed Metal-PLA Composite Scaffolds for Biomedical Applications
title Characterization of 3D Printed Metal-PLA Composite Scaffolds for Biomedical Applications
title_full Characterization of 3D Printed Metal-PLA Composite Scaffolds for Biomedical Applications
title_fullStr Characterization of 3D Printed Metal-PLA Composite Scaffolds for Biomedical Applications
title_full_unstemmed Characterization of 3D Printed Metal-PLA Composite Scaffolds for Biomedical Applications
title_short Characterization of 3D Printed Metal-PLA Composite Scaffolds for Biomedical Applications
title_sort characterization of 3d printed metal-pla composite scaffolds for biomedical applications
topic Communication
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9268876/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35808799
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14132754
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