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Design and Mechanical Characterization Using Digital Image Correlation of Soft Tissue-Mimicking Polymers
Present and future anatomical models for biomedical applications will need bio-mimicking three-dimensional (3D)-printed tissues. These would enable, for example, the evaluation of the quality-performance of novel devices at an intermediate step between ex-vivo and in-vivo trials. Nowadays, PolyJet t...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9269014/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35808685 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14132639 |
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author | Grimaldo Ruiz, Oliver Rodriguez Reinoso, Mariana Ingrassia, Elena Vecchio, Federico Maniero, Filippo Burgio, Vito Civera, Marco Bitan, Ido Lacidogna, Giuseppe Surace, Cecilia |
author_facet | Grimaldo Ruiz, Oliver Rodriguez Reinoso, Mariana Ingrassia, Elena Vecchio, Federico Maniero, Filippo Burgio, Vito Civera, Marco Bitan, Ido Lacidogna, Giuseppe Surace, Cecilia |
author_sort | Grimaldo Ruiz, Oliver |
collection | PubMed |
description | Present and future anatomical models for biomedical applications will need bio-mimicking three-dimensional (3D)-printed tissues. These would enable, for example, the evaluation of the quality-performance of novel devices at an intermediate step between ex-vivo and in-vivo trials. Nowadays, PolyJet technology produces anatomical models with varying levels of realism and fidelity to replicate organic tissues. These include anatomical presets set with combinations of multiple materials, transitions, and colors that vary in hardness, flexibility, and density. This study aims to mechanically characterize multi-material specimens designed and fabricated to mimic various bio-inspired hierarchical structures targeted to mimic tendons and ligaments. A Stratasys(®) J750™ 3D Printer was used, combining the Agilus30™ material at different hardness levels in the bio-mimicking configurations. Then, the mechanical properties of these different options were tested to evaluate their behavior under uni-axial tensile tests. Digital Image Correlation (DIC) was used to accurately quantify the specimens’ large strains in a non-contact fashion. A difference in the mechanical properties according to pattern type, proposed hardness combinations, and matrix-to-fiber ratio were evidenced. The specimens V, J1, A1, and C were selected as the best for every type of pattern. Specimens V were chosen as the leading combination since they exhibited the best balance of mechanical properties with the higher values of Modulus of elasticity (2.21 ± 0.17 MPa), maximum strain (1.86 ± 0.05 mm/mm), and tensile strength at break (2.11 ± 0.13 MPa). The approach demonstrates the versatility of PolyJet technology that enables core materials to be tailored based on specific needs. These findings will allow the development of more accurate and realistic computational and 3D printed soft tissue anatomical solutions mimicking something much closer to real tissues. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9269014 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-92690142022-07-09 Design and Mechanical Characterization Using Digital Image Correlation of Soft Tissue-Mimicking Polymers Grimaldo Ruiz, Oliver Rodriguez Reinoso, Mariana Ingrassia, Elena Vecchio, Federico Maniero, Filippo Burgio, Vito Civera, Marco Bitan, Ido Lacidogna, Giuseppe Surace, Cecilia Polymers (Basel) Article Present and future anatomical models for biomedical applications will need bio-mimicking three-dimensional (3D)-printed tissues. These would enable, for example, the evaluation of the quality-performance of novel devices at an intermediate step between ex-vivo and in-vivo trials. Nowadays, PolyJet technology produces anatomical models with varying levels of realism and fidelity to replicate organic tissues. These include anatomical presets set with combinations of multiple materials, transitions, and colors that vary in hardness, flexibility, and density. This study aims to mechanically characterize multi-material specimens designed and fabricated to mimic various bio-inspired hierarchical structures targeted to mimic tendons and ligaments. A Stratasys(®) J750™ 3D Printer was used, combining the Agilus30™ material at different hardness levels in the bio-mimicking configurations. Then, the mechanical properties of these different options were tested to evaluate their behavior under uni-axial tensile tests. Digital Image Correlation (DIC) was used to accurately quantify the specimens’ large strains in a non-contact fashion. A difference in the mechanical properties according to pattern type, proposed hardness combinations, and matrix-to-fiber ratio were evidenced. The specimens V, J1, A1, and C were selected as the best for every type of pattern. Specimens V were chosen as the leading combination since they exhibited the best balance of mechanical properties with the higher values of Modulus of elasticity (2.21 ± 0.17 MPa), maximum strain (1.86 ± 0.05 mm/mm), and tensile strength at break (2.11 ± 0.13 MPa). The approach demonstrates the versatility of PolyJet technology that enables core materials to be tailored based on specific needs. These findings will allow the development of more accurate and realistic computational and 3D printed soft tissue anatomical solutions mimicking something much closer to real tissues. MDPI 2022-06-28 /pmc/articles/PMC9269014/ /pubmed/35808685 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14132639 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Grimaldo Ruiz, Oliver Rodriguez Reinoso, Mariana Ingrassia, Elena Vecchio, Federico Maniero, Filippo Burgio, Vito Civera, Marco Bitan, Ido Lacidogna, Giuseppe Surace, Cecilia Design and Mechanical Characterization Using Digital Image Correlation of Soft Tissue-Mimicking Polymers |
title | Design and Mechanical Characterization Using Digital Image Correlation of Soft Tissue-Mimicking Polymers |
title_full | Design and Mechanical Characterization Using Digital Image Correlation of Soft Tissue-Mimicking Polymers |
title_fullStr | Design and Mechanical Characterization Using Digital Image Correlation of Soft Tissue-Mimicking Polymers |
title_full_unstemmed | Design and Mechanical Characterization Using Digital Image Correlation of Soft Tissue-Mimicking Polymers |
title_short | Design and Mechanical Characterization Using Digital Image Correlation of Soft Tissue-Mimicking Polymers |
title_sort | design and mechanical characterization using digital image correlation of soft tissue-mimicking polymers |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9269014/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35808685 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14132639 |
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