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Late quaternary biotic homogenization of North American mammalian faunas

Biotic homogenization—increasing similarity of species composition among ecological communities—has been linked to anthropogenic processes operating over the last century. Fossil evidence, however, suggests that humans have had impacts on ecosystems for millennia. We quantify biotic homogenization o...

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Autores principales: Fraser, Danielle, Villaseñor, Amelia, Tóth, Anikó B., Balk, Meghan A., Eronen, Jussi T., Andrew Barr, W., Behrensmeyer, A. K., Davis, Matt, Du, Andrew, Tyler Faith, J., Graves, Gary R., Gotelli, Nicholas J., Jukar, Advait M., Looy, Cindy V., McGill, Brian J., Miller, Joshua H., Pineda-Munoz, Silvia, Potts, Richard, Shupinski, Alex B., Soul, Laura C., Kathleen Lyons, S.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Nature Publishing Group UK 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9270452/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35803946
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-31595-8
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author Fraser, Danielle
Villaseñor, Amelia
Tóth, Anikó B.
Balk, Meghan A.
Eronen, Jussi T.
Andrew Barr, W.
Behrensmeyer, A. K.
Davis, Matt
Du, Andrew
Tyler Faith, J.
Graves, Gary R.
Gotelli, Nicholas J.
Jukar, Advait M.
Looy, Cindy V.
McGill, Brian J.
Miller, Joshua H.
Pineda-Munoz, Silvia
Potts, Richard
Shupinski, Alex B.
Soul, Laura C.
Kathleen Lyons, S.
author_facet Fraser, Danielle
Villaseñor, Amelia
Tóth, Anikó B.
Balk, Meghan A.
Eronen, Jussi T.
Andrew Barr, W.
Behrensmeyer, A. K.
Davis, Matt
Du, Andrew
Tyler Faith, J.
Graves, Gary R.
Gotelli, Nicholas J.
Jukar, Advait M.
Looy, Cindy V.
McGill, Brian J.
Miller, Joshua H.
Pineda-Munoz, Silvia
Potts, Richard
Shupinski, Alex B.
Soul, Laura C.
Kathleen Lyons, S.
author_sort Fraser, Danielle
collection PubMed
description Biotic homogenization—increasing similarity of species composition among ecological communities—has been linked to anthropogenic processes operating over the last century. Fossil evidence, however, suggests that humans have had impacts on ecosystems for millennia. We quantify biotic homogenization of North American mammalian assemblages during the late Pleistocene through Holocene (~30,000 ybp to recent), a timespan encompassing increased evidence of humans on the landscape (~20,000–14,000 ybp). From ~10,000 ybp to recent, assemblages became significantly more homogenous (>100% increase in Jaccard similarity), a pattern that cannot be explained by changes in fossil record sampling. Homogenization was most pronounced among mammals larger than 1 kg and occurred in two phases. The first followed the megafaunal extinction at ~10,000 ybp. The second, more rapid phase began during human population growth and early agricultural intensification (~2,000–1,000 ybp). We show that North American ecosystems were homogenizing for millennia, extending human impacts back ~10,000 years.
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spelling pubmed-92704522022-07-10 Late quaternary biotic homogenization of North American mammalian faunas Fraser, Danielle Villaseñor, Amelia Tóth, Anikó B. Balk, Meghan A. Eronen, Jussi T. Andrew Barr, W. Behrensmeyer, A. K. Davis, Matt Du, Andrew Tyler Faith, J. Graves, Gary R. Gotelli, Nicholas J. Jukar, Advait M. Looy, Cindy V. McGill, Brian J. Miller, Joshua H. Pineda-Munoz, Silvia Potts, Richard Shupinski, Alex B. Soul, Laura C. Kathleen Lyons, S. Nat Commun Article Biotic homogenization—increasing similarity of species composition among ecological communities—has been linked to anthropogenic processes operating over the last century. Fossil evidence, however, suggests that humans have had impacts on ecosystems for millennia. We quantify biotic homogenization of North American mammalian assemblages during the late Pleistocene through Holocene (~30,000 ybp to recent), a timespan encompassing increased evidence of humans on the landscape (~20,000–14,000 ybp). From ~10,000 ybp to recent, assemblages became significantly more homogenous (>100% increase in Jaccard similarity), a pattern that cannot be explained by changes in fossil record sampling. Homogenization was most pronounced among mammals larger than 1 kg and occurred in two phases. The first followed the megafaunal extinction at ~10,000 ybp. The second, more rapid phase began during human population growth and early agricultural intensification (~2,000–1,000 ybp). We show that North American ecosystems were homogenizing for millennia, extending human impacts back ~10,000 years. Nature Publishing Group UK 2022-07-08 /pmc/articles/PMC9270452/ /pubmed/35803946 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-31595-8 Text en © The Author(s) 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) .
spellingShingle Article
Fraser, Danielle
Villaseñor, Amelia
Tóth, Anikó B.
Balk, Meghan A.
Eronen, Jussi T.
Andrew Barr, W.
Behrensmeyer, A. K.
Davis, Matt
Du, Andrew
Tyler Faith, J.
Graves, Gary R.
Gotelli, Nicholas J.
Jukar, Advait M.
Looy, Cindy V.
McGill, Brian J.
Miller, Joshua H.
Pineda-Munoz, Silvia
Potts, Richard
Shupinski, Alex B.
Soul, Laura C.
Kathleen Lyons, S.
Late quaternary biotic homogenization of North American mammalian faunas
title Late quaternary biotic homogenization of North American mammalian faunas
title_full Late quaternary biotic homogenization of North American mammalian faunas
title_fullStr Late quaternary biotic homogenization of North American mammalian faunas
title_full_unstemmed Late quaternary biotic homogenization of North American mammalian faunas
title_short Late quaternary biotic homogenization of North American mammalian faunas
title_sort late quaternary biotic homogenization of north american mammalian faunas
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9270452/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35803946
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-31595-8
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