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Tick-borne encephalitis vaccine effectiveness and barriers to vaccination in Germany

Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) vaccination coverage remains low in Germany. Our case–control study (2018–2020) aimed to examine reasons for low vaccine uptake, vaccine effectiveness (VE), and vaccine breakthrough infections (VBIs). Telephone interviews (581 cases, 975 matched controls) covered vaccin...

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Autores principales: Nygren, Teresa M., Pilic, Antonia, Böhmer, Merle M., Wagner-Wiening, Christiane, Wichmann, Ole, Harder, Thomas, Hellenbrand, Wiebke
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Nature Publishing Group UK 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9271034/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35810184
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-15447-5
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author Nygren, Teresa M.
Pilic, Antonia
Böhmer, Merle M.
Wagner-Wiening, Christiane
Wichmann, Ole
Harder, Thomas
Hellenbrand, Wiebke
author_facet Nygren, Teresa M.
Pilic, Antonia
Böhmer, Merle M.
Wagner-Wiening, Christiane
Wichmann, Ole
Harder, Thomas
Hellenbrand, Wiebke
author_sort Nygren, Teresa M.
collection PubMed
description Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) vaccination coverage remains low in Germany. Our case–control study (2018–2020) aimed to examine reasons for low vaccine uptake, vaccine effectiveness (VE), and vaccine breakthrough infections (VBIs). Telephone interviews (581 cases, 975 matched controls) covered vaccinations, vaccination barriers, and confounders identified with directed acyclic graphs. Multivariable logistic regression determined VE as 1—odds ratio with 95% confidence intervals (CI). We additionally calculated VE with the Screening method using routine surveillance and vaccination coverage data. Main vaccination barriers were poor risk perception and fear of adverse events. VE was 96.6% (95% CI 93.7–98.2) for ≥ 3 doses and manufacturer-recommended dosing intervals. Without boosters, VE after ≥ 3 doses at ≤ 10 years was 91.2% (95% CI 82.7–95.6). VE was similar for homologous/heterologous vaccination. Utilising routine surveillance data, VE was comparable (≥ 3 doses: 92.8%). VBIs (n = 17, 2.9% of cases) were older, had more comorbidities and higher severity than unvaccinated cases. However, only few VBIs were diagnostically confirmed; 57% of re-tested vaccinated cases (≥ 1 dose, n = 54) proved false positive. To increase TBE vaccine uptake, communication efforts should address complacency and increase confidence in the vaccines’ safety. The observed duration of high VE may inform decision-makers to consider extending booster intervals to 10 years.
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spelling pubmed-92710342022-07-11 Tick-borne encephalitis vaccine effectiveness and barriers to vaccination in Germany Nygren, Teresa M. Pilic, Antonia Böhmer, Merle M. Wagner-Wiening, Christiane Wichmann, Ole Harder, Thomas Hellenbrand, Wiebke Sci Rep Article Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) vaccination coverage remains low in Germany. Our case–control study (2018–2020) aimed to examine reasons for low vaccine uptake, vaccine effectiveness (VE), and vaccine breakthrough infections (VBIs). Telephone interviews (581 cases, 975 matched controls) covered vaccinations, vaccination barriers, and confounders identified with directed acyclic graphs. Multivariable logistic regression determined VE as 1—odds ratio with 95% confidence intervals (CI). We additionally calculated VE with the Screening method using routine surveillance and vaccination coverage data. Main vaccination barriers were poor risk perception and fear of adverse events. VE was 96.6% (95% CI 93.7–98.2) for ≥ 3 doses and manufacturer-recommended dosing intervals. Without boosters, VE after ≥ 3 doses at ≤ 10 years was 91.2% (95% CI 82.7–95.6). VE was similar for homologous/heterologous vaccination. Utilising routine surveillance data, VE was comparable (≥ 3 doses: 92.8%). VBIs (n = 17, 2.9% of cases) were older, had more comorbidities and higher severity than unvaccinated cases. However, only few VBIs were diagnostically confirmed; 57% of re-tested vaccinated cases (≥ 1 dose, n = 54) proved false positive. To increase TBE vaccine uptake, communication efforts should address complacency and increase confidence in the vaccines’ safety. The observed duration of high VE may inform decision-makers to consider extending booster intervals to 10 years. Nature Publishing Group UK 2022-07-09 /pmc/articles/PMC9271034/ /pubmed/35810184 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-15447-5 Text en © The Author(s) 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) .
spellingShingle Article
Nygren, Teresa M.
Pilic, Antonia
Böhmer, Merle M.
Wagner-Wiening, Christiane
Wichmann, Ole
Harder, Thomas
Hellenbrand, Wiebke
Tick-borne encephalitis vaccine effectiveness and barriers to vaccination in Germany
title Tick-borne encephalitis vaccine effectiveness and barriers to vaccination in Germany
title_full Tick-borne encephalitis vaccine effectiveness and barriers to vaccination in Germany
title_fullStr Tick-borne encephalitis vaccine effectiveness and barriers to vaccination in Germany
title_full_unstemmed Tick-borne encephalitis vaccine effectiveness and barriers to vaccination in Germany
title_short Tick-borne encephalitis vaccine effectiveness and barriers to vaccination in Germany
title_sort tick-borne encephalitis vaccine effectiveness and barriers to vaccination in germany
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9271034/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35810184
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-15447-5
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