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Myocarditis Following COVID-19 Vaccine Use: Can It Play a Role for Conditioning Immunization Schedules?

Myocarditis (MYO) is a relatively uncommon inflammatory disease that involves the heart muscle. It can be a very severe disease as it can lead to the development of acute or chronic heart failure and, in a not marginal number of cases, to death. Most of the cases are diagnosed in healthy people youn...

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Autores principales: Esposito, Susanna, Caminiti, Caterina, Giordano, Rosanna, Argentiero, Alberto, Ramundo, Greta, Principi, Nicola
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9271782/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35833128
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.915580
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author Esposito, Susanna
Caminiti, Caterina
Giordano, Rosanna
Argentiero, Alberto
Ramundo, Greta
Principi, Nicola
author_facet Esposito, Susanna
Caminiti, Caterina
Giordano, Rosanna
Argentiero, Alberto
Ramundo, Greta
Principi, Nicola
author_sort Esposito, Susanna
collection PubMed
description Myocarditis (MYO) is a relatively uncommon inflammatory disease that involves the heart muscle. It can be a very severe disease as it can lead to the development of acute or chronic heart failure and, in a not marginal number of cases, to death. Most of the cases are diagnosed in healthy people younger than 30 years of age. Moreover, males are affected about twice as much as females. Viruses are among the most common causes of MYO, but how viral infection can lead to MYO development is not precisely defined. After COVID-19 pandemic declaration, incidence rate of MYO has significantly increased worldwide because of the SARS-CoV-2 infection. After the introduction of anti-COVID-19 vaccines, reports of post-immunization MYO have emerged, suggesting that a further cause of MYO together with the SARS-CoV-2 infection could increase the risk of heart damage during pandemic. Main aim of this study is to discuss present knowledge regarding etiopathogenesis and clinical findings of MYO associated with COVID-19 vaccine administration and whether the risk of this adverse events can modify the initially suggested recommendation for the use of COVID-19 vaccines in pediatric age. Literature analysis showed that MYO is an adverse event that can follow the COVID-19 immunization with mRNA vaccines in few persons, particularly young adults, adolescents, and older children. It is generally a mild disease that should not modify the present recommendations for immunization with the authorized COVID-19 mRNA vaccines. Despite this, further studies are needed to evaluate presently undefined aspects of MYO development after COVID-19 vaccine administration and reduce the risk of development of this kind of vaccine complication. Together with a better definition of the true incidence of MYO and the exact role of the various factors in conditioning incidence variations, it is essential to establish long-term evolution of acute COVID-19 related MYO.
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spelling pubmed-92717822022-07-12 Myocarditis Following COVID-19 Vaccine Use: Can It Play a Role for Conditioning Immunization Schedules? Esposito, Susanna Caminiti, Caterina Giordano, Rosanna Argentiero, Alberto Ramundo, Greta Principi, Nicola Front Immunol Immunology Myocarditis (MYO) is a relatively uncommon inflammatory disease that involves the heart muscle. It can be a very severe disease as it can lead to the development of acute or chronic heart failure and, in a not marginal number of cases, to death. Most of the cases are diagnosed in healthy people younger than 30 years of age. Moreover, males are affected about twice as much as females. Viruses are among the most common causes of MYO, but how viral infection can lead to MYO development is not precisely defined. After COVID-19 pandemic declaration, incidence rate of MYO has significantly increased worldwide because of the SARS-CoV-2 infection. After the introduction of anti-COVID-19 vaccines, reports of post-immunization MYO have emerged, suggesting that a further cause of MYO together with the SARS-CoV-2 infection could increase the risk of heart damage during pandemic. Main aim of this study is to discuss present knowledge regarding etiopathogenesis and clinical findings of MYO associated with COVID-19 vaccine administration and whether the risk of this adverse events can modify the initially suggested recommendation for the use of COVID-19 vaccines in pediatric age. Literature analysis showed that MYO is an adverse event that can follow the COVID-19 immunization with mRNA vaccines in few persons, particularly young adults, adolescents, and older children. It is generally a mild disease that should not modify the present recommendations for immunization with the authorized COVID-19 mRNA vaccines. Despite this, further studies are needed to evaluate presently undefined aspects of MYO development after COVID-19 vaccine administration and reduce the risk of development of this kind of vaccine complication. Together with a better definition of the true incidence of MYO and the exact role of the various factors in conditioning incidence variations, it is essential to establish long-term evolution of acute COVID-19 related MYO. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-06-27 /pmc/articles/PMC9271782/ /pubmed/35833128 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.915580 Text en Copyright © 2022 Esposito, Caminiti, Giordano, Argentiero, Ramundo and Principi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Immunology
Esposito, Susanna
Caminiti, Caterina
Giordano, Rosanna
Argentiero, Alberto
Ramundo, Greta
Principi, Nicola
Myocarditis Following COVID-19 Vaccine Use: Can It Play a Role for Conditioning Immunization Schedules?
title Myocarditis Following COVID-19 Vaccine Use: Can It Play a Role for Conditioning Immunization Schedules?
title_full Myocarditis Following COVID-19 Vaccine Use: Can It Play a Role for Conditioning Immunization Schedules?
title_fullStr Myocarditis Following COVID-19 Vaccine Use: Can It Play a Role for Conditioning Immunization Schedules?
title_full_unstemmed Myocarditis Following COVID-19 Vaccine Use: Can It Play a Role for Conditioning Immunization Schedules?
title_short Myocarditis Following COVID-19 Vaccine Use: Can It Play a Role for Conditioning Immunization Schedules?
title_sort myocarditis following covid-19 vaccine use: can it play a role for conditioning immunization schedules?
topic Immunology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9271782/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35833128
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.915580
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