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Exploring a new method for the assessment of metal exposure by analysis of exhaled breath of welders
PURPOSE: Air monitoring has been the accepted exposure assessment of toxic metals from, e.g., welding, but a method characterizing the actual dose delivered to the lungs would be preferable. Sampling of particles in exhaled breath can be used for the biomonitoring of both endogenous biomarkers and m...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9273541/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35066624 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00420-022-01833-z |
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author | Ljungkvist, Göran Tinnerberg, Håkan Löndahl, Jakob Klang, Therese Viklund, Emilia Kim, Jeong-Lim Schiöler, Linus Forsgard, Niklas Olin, Anna-Carin |
author_facet | Ljungkvist, Göran Tinnerberg, Håkan Löndahl, Jakob Klang, Therese Viklund, Emilia Kim, Jeong-Lim Schiöler, Linus Forsgard, Niklas Olin, Anna-Carin |
author_sort | Ljungkvist, Göran |
collection | PubMed |
description | PURPOSE: Air monitoring has been the accepted exposure assessment of toxic metals from, e.g., welding, but a method characterizing the actual dose delivered to the lungs would be preferable. Sampling of particles in exhaled breath can be used for the biomonitoring of both endogenous biomarkers and markers of exposure. We have explored a new method for the sampling of metals in exhaled breath from the small airways in a study on welders. METHODS: Our method for particle sampling, Particles in Exhaled Air (PExA®), is based on particle counting and inertial impaction. We applied it on 19 stainless steel welders before and after a workday. In parallel, air monitoring of chromium, manganese and nickel was performed as well as blood sampling after work. RESULTS: Despite substantial exposure to welding fumes, we were unable to show any significant change in the metal content of exhaled particles after, compared with before, exposure. However, the significance might be obscured by a substantial analytical background noise, due to metal background in the sampling media and possible contamination during sampling, as an increase in the median metal contents were indicated. CONCLUSIONS: If efforts to reduce background and contamination are successful, the PExA® method could be an important tool in the investigations of metals in exhaled breath, as the method collects particles from the small airways in contrast to other methods. In this paper, we discuss the discrepancy between our findings and results from studies, using the exhaled breath condensate (EBC) methodology. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9273541 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Springer Berlin Heidelberg |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-92735412022-07-13 Exploring a new method for the assessment of metal exposure by analysis of exhaled breath of welders Ljungkvist, Göran Tinnerberg, Håkan Löndahl, Jakob Klang, Therese Viklund, Emilia Kim, Jeong-Lim Schiöler, Linus Forsgard, Niklas Olin, Anna-Carin Int Arch Occup Environ Health Original Article PURPOSE: Air monitoring has been the accepted exposure assessment of toxic metals from, e.g., welding, but a method characterizing the actual dose delivered to the lungs would be preferable. Sampling of particles in exhaled breath can be used for the biomonitoring of both endogenous biomarkers and markers of exposure. We have explored a new method for the sampling of metals in exhaled breath from the small airways in a study on welders. METHODS: Our method for particle sampling, Particles in Exhaled Air (PExA®), is based on particle counting and inertial impaction. We applied it on 19 stainless steel welders before and after a workday. In parallel, air monitoring of chromium, manganese and nickel was performed as well as blood sampling after work. RESULTS: Despite substantial exposure to welding fumes, we were unable to show any significant change in the metal content of exhaled particles after, compared with before, exposure. However, the significance might be obscured by a substantial analytical background noise, due to metal background in the sampling media and possible contamination during sampling, as an increase in the median metal contents were indicated. CONCLUSIONS: If efforts to reduce background and contamination are successful, the PExA® method could be an important tool in the investigations of metals in exhaled breath, as the method collects particles from the small airways in contrast to other methods. In this paper, we discuss the discrepancy between our findings and results from studies, using the exhaled breath condensate (EBC) methodology. Springer Berlin Heidelberg 2022-01-23 2022 /pmc/articles/PMC9273541/ /pubmed/35066624 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00420-022-01833-z Text en © The Author(s) 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . |
spellingShingle | Original Article Ljungkvist, Göran Tinnerberg, Håkan Löndahl, Jakob Klang, Therese Viklund, Emilia Kim, Jeong-Lim Schiöler, Linus Forsgard, Niklas Olin, Anna-Carin Exploring a new method for the assessment of metal exposure by analysis of exhaled breath of welders |
title | Exploring a new method for the assessment of metal exposure by analysis of exhaled breath of welders |
title_full | Exploring a new method for the assessment of metal exposure by analysis of exhaled breath of welders |
title_fullStr | Exploring a new method for the assessment of metal exposure by analysis of exhaled breath of welders |
title_full_unstemmed | Exploring a new method for the assessment of metal exposure by analysis of exhaled breath of welders |
title_short | Exploring a new method for the assessment of metal exposure by analysis of exhaled breath of welders |
title_sort | exploring a new method for the assessment of metal exposure by analysis of exhaled breath of welders |
topic | Original Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9273541/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35066624 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00420-022-01833-z |
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