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Monkey visual attention does not fall into the uncanny valley
Very humanlike artificial agents can induce feelings of uneasiness in human perceivers. Stimuli that generate this response are said to occupy “the uncanny valley”. Given inconsistent findings in the literature, whether or not nonhuman animals experience the uncanny valley is unclear. Here, we recor...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Nature Publishing Group UK
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9273626/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35817791 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-14615-x |
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author | Carp, Sarah B. Santistevan, Anthony C. Machado, Christopher J. Whitaker, Alexander M. Aguilar, Brittany L. Bliss-Moreau, Eliza |
author_facet | Carp, Sarah B. Santistevan, Anthony C. Machado, Christopher J. Whitaker, Alexander M. Aguilar, Brittany L. Bliss-Moreau, Eliza |
author_sort | Carp, Sarah B. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Very humanlike artificial agents can induce feelings of uneasiness in human perceivers. Stimuli that generate this response are said to occupy “the uncanny valley”. Given inconsistent findings in the literature, whether or not nonhuman animals experience the uncanny valley is unclear. Here, we recorded the visual attention of eleven male rhesus monkeys as they viewed faces varying in realness across five levels, with visual attention measured by both number and duration of visual fixations on faces as a whole and on areas of interest within the faces (e.g., eyes, mouth). Face stimuli varied in terms of the realism of the image and behavior depicted by the face (lipsmack, threat, bared teeth, and neutral). We largely found no support that rhesus monkeys perceive an uncanny valley when viewing our stimuli; however, monkeys did generally pay more attention to eyes and less attention to mouths in real images compared to less realistic images. Across all stimuli, monkeys’ visual attention was drawn to the mouths of images when teeth were visible. These findings suggest that rhesus monkeys in our study did not display an uncanny valley effect when viewing realistic stimuli but did percieve affective information depicted by faces regardless of how real those faces appear. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9273626 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Nature Publishing Group UK |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-92736262022-07-13 Monkey visual attention does not fall into the uncanny valley Carp, Sarah B. Santistevan, Anthony C. Machado, Christopher J. Whitaker, Alexander M. Aguilar, Brittany L. Bliss-Moreau, Eliza Sci Rep Article Very humanlike artificial agents can induce feelings of uneasiness in human perceivers. Stimuli that generate this response are said to occupy “the uncanny valley”. Given inconsistent findings in the literature, whether or not nonhuman animals experience the uncanny valley is unclear. Here, we recorded the visual attention of eleven male rhesus monkeys as they viewed faces varying in realness across five levels, with visual attention measured by both number and duration of visual fixations on faces as a whole and on areas of interest within the faces (e.g., eyes, mouth). Face stimuli varied in terms of the realism of the image and behavior depicted by the face (lipsmack, threat, bared teeth, and neutral). We largely found no support that rhesus monkeys perceive an uncanny valley when viewing our stimuli; however, monkeys did generally pay more attention to eyes and less attention to mouths in real images compared to less realistic images. Across all stimuli, monkeys’ visual attention was drawn to the mouths of images when teeth were visible. These findings suggest that rhesus monkeys in our study did not display an uncanny valley effect when viewing realistic stimuli but did percieve affective information depicted by faces regardless of how real those faces appear. Nature Publishing Group UK 2022-07-11 /pmc/articles/PMC9273626/ /pubmed/35817791 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-14615-x Text en © The Author(s) 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . |
spellingShingle | Article Carp, Sarah B. Santistevan, Anthony C. Machado, Christopher J. Whitaker, Alexander M. Aguilar, Brittany L. Bliss-Moreau, Eliza Monkey visual attention does not fall into the uncanny valley |
title | Monkey visual attention does not fall into the uncanny valley |
title_full | Monkey visual attention does not fall into the uncanny valley |
title_fullStr | Monkey visual attention does not fall into the uncanny valley |
title_full_unstemmed | Monkey visual attention does not fall into the uncanny valley |
title_short | Monkey visual attention does not fall into the uncanny valley |
title_sort | monkey visual attention does not fall into the uncanny valley |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9273626/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35817791 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-14615-x |
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