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Dysregulated Methylation Patterns in Exon IV of the Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) Gene in Nicotine Dependence and Changes in BDNF Plasma Levels During Smoking Cessation
INTRODUCTION: Several studies reported dysregulated protein levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in smokers and during cessation. However, the epigenetic regulation of the BDNF gene has not yet been investigated. We measured the plasma levels of BDNF and the epigenetic regulation of ex...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9273814/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35836661 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2022.897801 |
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author | Abdelkhalek, Kerim Rhein, Mathias Deest, Maximilian Buchholz, Vanessa Bleich, Stefan Lichtinghagen, Ralf Vyssoki, Benjamin Frieling, Helge Muschler, Marc Proskynitopoulos, Phileas Johannes Glahn, Alexander |
author_facet | Abdelkhalek, Kerim Rhein, Mathias Deest, Maximilian Buchholz, Vanessa Bleich, Stefan Lichtinghagen, Ralf Vyssoki, Benjamin Frieling, Helge Muschler, Marc Proskynitopoulos, Phileas Johannes Glahn, Alexander |
author_sort | Abdelkhalek, Kerim |
collection | PubMed |
description | INTRODUCTION: Several studies reported dysregulated protein levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in smokers and during cessation. However, the epigenetic regulation of the BDNF gene has not yet been investigated. We measured the plasma levels of BDNF and the epigenetic regulation of exon IV of the BDNF gene in smokers compared to healthy controls over a cessation period of 14 days. METHOD: We measured BDNF plasma levels and BDNF promoter methylation in 49 smokers and 51 non-smokers at baseline, day 7, and day 14 of smoking cessation. Mean methylation levels of 11 Cytosine Guanosine dinucleotides of exon IV of the BDNF gene were determined via bisulfite sequencing. RESULTS: BDNF plasma and methylation levels were significantly lower in healthy controls when compared with smokers across all time points. BDNF levels for smokers decreased significantly during the cessation period. Comparing the sexes, female smokers showed significantly lower plasma BDNF levels than healthy controls at baseline and over 14 days of cessation. Male and female smokers showed significantly higher mean methylation rates than non-smokers at baseline. In male smokers, mean methylation levels decreased significantly during the cessation period. CONCLUSION: Our findings replicate the findings of previous studies that BDNF plasma levels are altered in smokers. Furthermore, BDNF expression and gene methylation are altered during the first 14 days of cessation. Our novel findings of dysregulated methylation patterns in exon IV of the BDNF gene further support the thesis that BDNF plays a role in nicotine dependence. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9273814 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-92738142022-07-13 Dysregulated Methylation Patterns in Exon IV of the Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) Gene in Nicotine Dependence and Changes in BDNF Plasma Levels During Smoking Cessation Abdelkhalek, Kerim Rhein, Mathias Deest, Maximilian Buchholz, Vanessa Bleich, Stefan Lichtinghagen, Ralf Vyssoki, Benjamin Frieling, Helge Muschler, Marc Proskynitopoulos, Phileas Johannes Glahn, Alexander Front Psychiatry Psychiatry INTRODUCTION: Several studies reported dysregulated protein levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in smokers and during cessation. However, the epigenetic regulation of the BDNF gene has not yet been investigated. We measured the plasma levels of BDNF and the epigenetic regulation of exon IV of the BDNF gene in smokers compared to healthy controls over a cessation period of 14 days. METHOD: We measured BDNF plasma levels and BDNF promoter methylation in 49 smokers and 51 non-smokers at baseline, day 7, and day 14 of smoking cessation. Mean methylation levels of 11 Cytosine Guanosine dinucleotides of exon IV of the BDNF gene were determined via bisulfite sequencing. RESULTS: BDNF plasma and methylation levels were significantly lower in healthy controls when compared with smokers across all time points. BDNF levels for smokers decreased significantly during the cessation period. Comparing the sexes, female smokers showed significantly lower plasma BDNF levels than healthy controls at baseline and over 14 days of cessation. Male and female smokers showed significantly higher mean methylation rates than non-smokers at baseline. In male smokers, mean methylation levels decreased significantly during the cessation period. CONCLUSION: Our findings replicate the findings of previous studies that BDNF plasma levels are altered in smokers. Furthermore, BDNF expression and gene methylation are altered during the first 14 days of cessation. Our novel findings of dysregulated methylation patterns in exon IV of the BDNF gene further support the thesis that BDNF plays a role in nicotine dependence. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-06-28 /pmc/articles/PMC9273814/ /pubmed/35836661 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2022.897801 Text en Copyright © 2022 Abdelkhalek, Rhein, Deest, Buchholz, Bleich, Lichtinghagen, Vyssoki, Frieling, Muschler, Proskynitopoulos and Glahn. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Psychiatry Abdelkhalek, Kerim Rhein, Mathias Deest, Maximilian Buchholz, Vanessa Bleich, Stefan Lichtinghagen, Ralf Vyssoki, Benjamin Frieling, Helge Muschler, Marc Proskynitopoulos, Phileas Johannes Glahn, Alexander Dysregulated Methylation Patterns in Exon IV of the Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) Gene in Nicotine Dependence and Changes in BDNF Plasma Levels During Smoking Cessation |
title | Dysregulated Methylation Patterns in Exon IV of the Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) Gene in Nicotine Dependence and Changes in BDNF Plasma Levels During Smoking Cessation |
title_full | Dysregulated Methylation Patterns in Exon IV of the Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) Gene in Nicotine Dependence and Changes in BDNF Plasma Levels During Smoking Cessation |
title_fullStr | Dysregulated Methylation Patterns in Exon IV of the Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) Gene in Nicotine Dependence and Changes in BDNF Plasma Levels During Smoking Cessation |
title_full_unstemmed | Dysregulated Methylation Patterns in Exon IV of the Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) Gene in Nicotine Dependence and Changes in BDNF Plasma Levels During Smoking Cessation |
title_short | Dysregulated Methylation Patterns in Exon IV of the Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) Gene in Nicotine Dependence and Changes in BDNF Plasma Levels During Smoking Cessation |
title_sort | dysregulated methylation patterns in exon iv of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (bdnf) gene in nicotine dependence and changes in bdnf plasma levels during smoking cessation |
topic | Psychiatry |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9273814/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35836661 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2022.897801 |
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