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Psychiatric symptoms are not associated with circulating CRP concentrations after controlling for medical, social, and demographic factors

Elevated serum concentrations (>3 mg/L) of the acute-phase protein, C-reactive protein (CRP), is used as a clinical marker of inflammation and is reported to be a strong risk factor for cardiovascular disease. In psychiatric populations, CRP concentration is reported to be higher in depressed ver...

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Autores principales: Figueroa-Hall, Leandra K., Xu, Bohan, Kuplicki, Rayus, Ford, Bart N., Burrows, Kaiping, Teague, T. Kent, Sen, Sandip, Yeh, Hung-Wen, Irwin, Michael R., Savitz, Jonathan, Paulus, Martin P.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Nature Publishing Group UK 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9276683/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35821205
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41398-022-02049-y
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author Figueroa-Hall, Leandra K.
Xu, Bohan
Kuplicki, Rayus
Ford, Bart N.
Burrows, Kaiping
Teague, T. Kent
Sen, Sandip
Yeh, Hung-Wen
Irwin, Michael R.
Savitz, Jonathan
Paulus, Martin P.
author_facet Figueroa-Hall, Leandra K.
Xu, Bohan
Kuplicki, Rayus
Ford, Bart N.
Burrows, Kaiping
Teague, T. Kent
Sen, Sandip
Yeh, Hung-Wen
Irwin, Michael R.
Savitz, Jonathan
Paulus, Martin P.
author_sort Figueroa-Hall, Leandra K.
collection PubMed
description Elevated serum concentrations (>3 mg/L) of the acute-phase protein, C-reactive protein (CRP), is used as a clinical marker of inflammation and is reported to be a strong risk factor for cardiovascular disease. In psychiatric populations, CRP concentration is reported to be higher in depressed versus healthy individuals. Positive associations between CRP and depression have been established in both clinical and community samples, but effect sizes are attenuated after controlling for confounding variables. Similarly, emerging research has begun to draw a link between inflammation, symptoms of anxiety, and substance abuse. Given the high level of comorbid anxiety and substance use disorders in many depressed populations, this study examined whether depression (Patient Health Questionnaire 9 [PHQ-9]) and substance use-related (Drug Abuse Screening Test [DAST]) symptoms were associated with CRP concentrations in the blood after adjusting for relevant medical, social, and demographic covariates in a large sample undergoing screening for several transdiagnostic psychiatric research studies. A total of 1,724 participants were analyzed for association of CRP with variables using multivariate linear regression. An unadjusted model with no covariates showed that PHQ-9 was significantly associated with CRP in All (β = 0.125), Female (β = 0.091), and Male (β = 0.154) participants, but DAST was significantly associated with CRP in males only (β = 0.120). For the adjusted model, in both males and females, mood-stabilizer treatment (β = 0.630), opioid medication (β = 0.360), body mass index (β = 0.244), percent body fat (β = 0.289), nicotine use (β = 0.063), and self-reported sleep disturbance (β = 0.061) were significantly associated with increased CRP concentrations. In females, oral contraceptive use (β = 0.576), and waist-to-hip ratio (β = 0.086), and in males, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug use (β = 0.367) were also associated with increased CRP concentrations. There was no significant association between CRP and individual depressive, anxiety, or substance use-related symptoms when covariates were included in the regression models. These results suggest that associations between circulating CRP and the severity of psychiatric symptoms are dependent on the type of covariates controlled for in statistical analyses.
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spelling pubmed-92766832022-07-14 Psychiatric symptoms are not associated with circulating CRP concentrations after controlling for medical, social, and demographic factors Figueroa-Hall, Leandra K. Xu, Bohan Kuplicki, Rayus Ford, Bart N. Burrows, Kaiping Teague, T. Kent Sen, Sandip Yeh, Hung-Wen Irwin, Michael R. Savitz, Jonathan Paulus, Martin P. Transl Psychiatry Article Elevated serum concentrations (>3 mg/L) of the acute-phase protein, C-reactive protein (CRP), is used as a clinical marker of inflammation and is reported to be a strong risk factor for cardiovascular disease. In psychiatric populations, CRP concentration is reported to be higher in depressed versus healthy individuals. Positive associations between CRP and depression have been established in both clinical and community samples, but effect sizes are attenuated after controlling for confounding variables. Similarly, emerging research has begun to draw a link between inflammation, symptoms of anxiety, and substance abuse. Given the high level of comorbid anxiety and substance use disorders in many depressed populations, this study examined whether depression (Patient Health Questionnaire 9 [PHQ-9]) and substance use-related (Drug Abuse Screening Test [DAST]) symptoms were associated with CRP concentrations in the blood after adjusting for relevant medical, social, and demographic covariates in a large sample undergoing screening for several transdiagnostic psychiatric research studies. A total of 1,724 participants were analyzed for association of CRP with variables using multivariate linear regression. An unadjusted model with no covariates showed that PHQ-9 was significantly associated with CRP in All (β = 0.125), Female (β = 0.091), and Male (β = 0.154) participants, but DAST was significantly associated with CRP in males only (β = 0.120). For the adjusted model, in both males and females, mood-stabilizer treatment (β = 0.630), opioid medication (β = 0.360), body mass index (β = 0.244), percent body fat (β = 0.289), nicotine use (β = 0.063), and self-reported sleep disturbance (β = 0.061) were significantly associated with increased CRP concentrations. In females, oral contraceptive use (β = 0.576), and waist-to-hip ratio (β = 0.086), and in males, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug use (β = 0.367) were also associated with increased CRP concentrations. There was no significant association between CRP and individual depressive, anxiety, or substance use-related symptoms when covariates were included in the regression models. These results suggest that associations between circulating CRP and the severity of psychiatric symptoms are dependent on the type of covariates controlled for in statistical analyses. Nature Publishing Group UK 2022-07-12 /pmc/articles/PMC9276683/ /pubmed/35821205 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41398-022-02049-y Text en © The Author(s) 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) .
spellingShingle Article
Figueroa-Hall, Leandra K.
Xu, Bohan
Kuplicki, Rayus
Ford, Bart N.
Burrows, Kaiping
Teague, T. Kent
Sen, Sandip
Yeh, Hung-Wen
Irwin, Michael R.
Savitz, Jonathan
Paulus, Martin P.
Psychiatric symptoms are not associated with circulating CRP concentrations after controlling for medical, social, and demographic factors
title Psychiatric symptoms are not associated with circulating CRP concentrations after controlling for medical, social, and demographic factors
title_full Psychiatric symptoms are not associated with circulating CRP concentrations after controlling for medical, social, and demographic factors
title_fullStr Psychiatric symptoms are not associated with circulating CRP concentrations after controlling for medical, social, and demographic factors
title_full_unstemmed Psychiatric symptoms are not associated with circulating CRP concentrations after controlling for medical, social, and demographic factors
title_short Psychiatric symptoms are not associated with circulating CRP concentrations after controlling for medical, social, and demographic factors
title_sort psychiatric symptoms are not associated with circulating crp concentrations after controlling for medical, social, and demographic factors
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9276683/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35821205
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41398-022-02049-y
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