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Neuropathy in Human Immunodeficiency Virus: A Review of the Underlying Pathogenesis and Treatment

This article explores the various causes of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and its associated neuropathy, including the effects of HIV on the nervous system and the long-standing therapy that is often provided to patients with HIV. Several studies regarding the neurotoxic effects of combine...

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Autores principales: Motwani, Lakshya, Asif, Nailah, Patel, Apurva, Vedantam, Deepanjali, Poman, Devyani S
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Cureus 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9278792/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35844323
http://dx.doi.org/10.7759/cureus.25905
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author Motwani, Lakshya
Asif, Nailah
Patel, Apurva
Vedantam, Deepanjali
Poman, Devyani S
author_facet Motwani, Lakshya
Asif, Nailah
Patel, Apurva
Vedantam, Deepanjali
Poman, Devyani S
author_sort Motwani, Lakshya
collection PubMed
description This article explores the various causes of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and its associated neuropathy, including the effects of HIV on the nervous system and the long-standing therapy that is often provided to patients with HIV. Several studies regarding the neurotoxic effects of combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) and HIV were reviewed and various hypotheses were discussed. Furthermore, we present the nature of HIV-sensory neuropathy (HIV-SN) among different demographic populations and their subsequent risk factors predisposing them to this condition. It was observed that the incidence of the disease increases in increased survival of the patients as well as in males. Finally, the current approach to HIV-SN and its overlapping features with other causes of peripheral neuropathy have been discussed which demonstrates that a clinical examination is the most important clue for a healthcare professional to suspect the disease. Our main aim was to study the current perspectives and guidelines for diagnosing and managing a patient with HIV-SN to reduce disease prevalence and bring about a more aware frame of mind when following up with an HIV patient.
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spelling pubmed-92787922022-07-14 Neuropathy in Human Immunodeficiency Virus: A Review of the Underlying Pathogenesis and Treatment Motwani, Lakshya Asif, Nailah Patel, Apurva Vedantam, Deepanjali Poman, Devyani S Cureus Internal Medicine This article explores the various causes of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and its associated neuropathy, including the effects of HIV on the nervous system and the long-standing therapy that is often provided to patients with HIV. Several studies regarding the neurotoxic effects of combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) and HIV were reviewed and various hypotheses were discussed. Furthermore, we present the nature of HIV-sensory neuropathy (HIV-SN) among different demographic populations and their subsequent risk factors predisposing them to this condition. It was observed that the incidence of the disease increases in increased survival of the patients as well as in males. Finally, the current approach to HIV-SN and its overlapping features with other causes of peripheral neuropathy have been discussed which demonstrates that a clinical examination is the most important clue for a healthcare professional to suspect the disease. Our main aim was to study the current perspectives and guidelines for diagnosing and managing a patient with HIV-SN to reduce disease prevalence and bring about a more aware frame of mind when following up with an HIV patient. Cureus 2022-06-13 /pmc/articles/PMC9278792/ /pubmed/35844323 http://dx.doi.org/10.7759/cureus.25905 Text en Copyright © 2022, Motwani et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Internal Medicine
Motwani, Lakshya
Asif, Nailah
Patel, Apurva
Vedantam, Deepanjali
Poman, Devyani S
Neuropathy in Human Immunodeficiency Virus: A Review of the Underlying Pathogenesis and Treatment
title Neuropathy in Human Immunodeficiency Virus: A Review of the Underlying Pathogenesis and Treatment
title_full Neuropathy in Human Immunodeficiency Virus: A Review of the Underlying Pathogenesis and Treatment
title_fullStr Neuropathy in Human Immunodeficiency Virus: A Review of the Underlying Pathogenesis and Treatment
title_full_unstemmed Neuropathy in Human Immunodeficiency Virus: A Review of the Underlying Pathogenesis and Treatment
title_short Neuropathy in Human Immunodeficiency Virus: A Review of the Underlying Pathogenesis and Treatment
title_sort neuropathy in human immunodeficiency virus: a review of the underlying pathogenesis and treatment
topic Internal Medicine
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9278792/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35844323
http://dx.doi.org/10.7759/cureus.25905
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