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author Khan, Khadija
Karim, Farina
Cele, Sandile
Reedoy, Kajal
San, James Emmanuel
Lustig, Gila
Tegally, Houriiyah
Rosenberg, Yuval
Bernstein, Mallory
Jule, Zesuliwe
Ganga, Yashica
Ngcobo, Nokuthula
Mazibuko, Matilda
Mthabela, Ntombifuthi
Mhlane, Zoey
Mbatha, Nikiwe
Miya, Yoliswa
Giandhari, Jennifer
Ramphal, Yajna
Naidoo, Taryn
Sivro, Aida
Samsunder, Natasha
Kharsany, Ayesha B. M.
Amoako, Daniel
Bhiman, Jinal N.
Manickchund, Nithendra
Abdool Karim, Quarraisha
Magula, Nombulelo
Abdool Karim, Salim S.
Gray, Glenda
Hanekom, Willem
von Gottberg, Anne
Milo, Ron
Gosnell, Bernadett I.
Lessells, Richard J.
Moore, Penny L.
de Oliveira, Tulio
Moosa, Mahomed-Yunus S.
Sigal, Alex
author_facet Khan, Khadija
Karim, Farina
Cele, Sandile
Reedoy, Kajal
San, James Emmanuel
Lustig, Gila
Tegally, Houriiyah
Rosenberg, Yuval
Bernstein, Mallory
Jule, Zesuliwe
Ganga, Yashica
Ngcobo, Nokuthula
Mazibuko, Matilda
Mthabela, Ntombifuthi
Mhlane, Zoey
Mbatha, Nikiwe
Miya, Yoliswa
Giandhari, Jennifer
Ramphal, Yajna
Naidoo, Taryn
Sivro, Aida
Samsunder, Natasha
Kharsany, Ayesha B. M.
Amoako, Daniel
Bhiman, Jinal N.
Manickchund, Nithendra
Abdool Karim, Quarraisha
Magula, Nombulelo
Abdool Karim, Salim S.
Gray, Glenda
Hanekom, Willem
von Gottberg, Anne
Milo, Ron
Gosnell, Bernadett I.
Lessells, Richard J.
Moore, Penny L.
de Oliveira, Tulio
Moosa, Mahomed-Yunus S.
Sigal, Alex
author_sort Khan, Khadija
collection PubMed
description The extent to which Omicron infection(1–9), with or without previous vaccination, elicits protection against the previously dominant Delta (B.1.617.2) variant is unclear. Here we measured the neutralization capacity against variants of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 in 39 individuals in South Africa infected with the Omicron sublineage BA.1 starting at a median of 6 (interquartile range 3–9) days post symptom onset and continuing until last follow-up sample available, a median of 23 (interquartile range 19–27) days post symptoms to allow BA.1-elicited neutralizing immunity time to develop. Fifteen participants were vaccinated with Pfizer's BNT162b2 or Johnson & Johnson's Ad26.CoV2.S and had BA.1 breakthrough infections, and 24 were unvaccinated. BA.1 neutralization increased from a geometric mean 50% focus reduction neutralization test titre of 42 at enrolment to 575 at the last follow-up time point (13.6-fold) in vaccinated participants and from 46 to 272 (6.0-fold) in unvaccinated participants. Delta virus neutralization also increased, from 192 to 1,091 (5.7-fold) in vaccinated participants and from 28 to 91 (3.0-fold) in unvaccinated participants. At the last time point, unvaccinated individuals infected with BA.1 had low absolute levels of neutralization for the non-BA.1 viruses and 2.2-fold lower BA.1 neutralization, 12.0-fold lower Delta neutralization, 9.6-fold lower Beta variant neutralization, 17.9-fold lower ancestral virus neutralization and 4.8-fold lower Omicron sublineage BA.2 neutralization relative to vaccinated individuals infected with BA.1. These results indicate that hybrid immunity formed by vaccination and Omicron BA.1 infection should be protective against Delta and other variants. By contrast, infection with Omicron BA.1 alone offers limited cross-protection despite moderate enhancement.
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spelling pubmed-92791442022-07-15 Omicron infection enhances Delta antibody immunity in vaccinated persons Khan, Khadija Karim, Farina Cele, Sandile Reedoy, Kajal San, James Emmanuel Lustig, Gila Tegally, Houriiyah Rosenberg, Yuval Bernstein, Mallory Jule, Zesuliwe Ganga, Yashica Ngcobo, Nokuthula Mazibuko, Matilda Mthabela, Ntombifuthi Mhlane, Zoey Mbatha, Nikiwe Miya, Yoliswa Giandhari, Jennifer Ramphal, Yajna Naidoo, Taryn Sivro, Aida Samsunder, Natasha Kharsany, Ayesha B. M. Amoako, Daniel Bhiman, Jinal N. Manickchund, Nithendra Abdool Karim, Quarraisha Magula, Nombulelo Abdool Karim, Salim S. Gray, Glenda Hanekom, Willem von Gottberg, Anne Milo, Ron Gosnell, Bernadett I. Lessells, Richard J. Moore, Penny L. de Oliveira, Tulio Moosa, Mahomed-Yunus S. Sigal, Alex Nature Article The extent to which Omicron infection(1–9), with or without previous vaccination, elicits protection against the previously dominant Delta (B.1.617.2) variant is unclear. Here we measured the neutralization capacity against variants of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 in 39 individuals in South Africa infected with the Omicron sublineage BA.1 starting at a median of 6 (interquartile range 3–9) days post symptom onset and continuing until last follow-up sample available, a median of 23 (interquartile range 19–27) days post symptoms to allow BA.1-elicited neutralizing immunity time to develop. Fifteen participants were vaccinated with Pfizer's BNT162b2 or Johnson & Johnson's Ad26.CoV2.S and had BA.1 breakthrough infections, and 24 were unvaccinated. BA.1 neutralization increased from a geometric mean 50% focus reduction neutralization test titre of 42 at enrolment to 575 at the last follow-up time point (13.6-fold) in vaccinated participants and from 46 to 272 (6.0-fold) in unvaccinated participants. Delta virus neutralization also increased, from 192 to 1,091 (5.7-fold) in vaccinated participants and from 28 to 91 (3.0-fold) in unvaccinated participants. At the last time point, unvaccinated individuals infected with BA.1 had low absolute levels of neutralization for the non-BA.1 viruses and 2.2-fold lower BA.1 neutralization, 12.0-fold lower Delta neutralization, 9.6-fold lower Beta variant neutralization, 17.9-fold lower ancestral virus neutralization and 4.8-fold lower Omicron sublineage BA.2 neutralization relative to vaccinated individuals infected with BA.1. These results indicate that hybrid immunity formed by vaccination and Omicron BA.1 infection should be protective against Delta and other variants. By contrast, infection with Omicron BA.1 alone offers limited cross-protection despite moderate enhancement. Nature Publishing Group UK 2022-05-06 2022 /pmc/articles/PMC9279144/ /pubmed/35523247 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41586-022-04830-x Text en © The Author(s) 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) .
spellingShingle Article
Khan, Khadija
Karim, Farina
Cele, Sandile
Reedoy, Kajal
San, James Emmanuel
Lustig, Gila
Tegally, Houriiyah
Rosenberg, Yuval
Bernstein, Mallory
Jule, Zesuliwe
Ganga, Yashica
Ngcobo, Nokuthula
Mazibuko, Matilda
Mthabela, Ntombifuthi
Mhlane, Zoey
Mbatha, Nikiwe
Miya, Yoliswa
Giandhari, Jennifer
Ramphal, Yajna
Naidoo, Taryn
Sivro, Aida
Samsunder, Natasha
Kharsany, Ayesha B. M.
Amoako, Daniel
Bhiman, Jinal N.
Manickchund, Nithendra
Abdool Karim, Quarraisha
Magula, Nombulelo
Abdool Karim, Salim S.
Gray, Glenda
Hanekom, Willem
von Gottberg, Anne
Milo, Ron
Gosnell, Bernadett I.
Lessells, Richard J.
Moore, Penny L.
de Oliveira, Tulio
Moosa, Mahomed-Yunus S.
Sigal, Alex
Omicron infection enhances Delta antibody immunity in vaccinated persons
title Omicron infection enhances Delta antibody immunity in vaccinated persons
title_full Omicron infection enhances Delta antibody immunity in vaccinated persons
title_fullStr Omicron infection enhances Delta antibody immunity in vaccinated persons
title_full_unstemmed Omicron infection enhances Delta antibody immunity in vaccinated persons
title_short Omicron infection enhances Delta antibody immunity in vaccinated persons
title_sort omicron infection enhances delta antibody immunity in vaccinated persons
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9279144/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35523247
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41586-022-04830-x
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