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Continuities and Discontinuities in the Cognitive Mechanisms Associated With Clinical and Nonclinical Auditory Verbal Hallucinations

Auditory verbal hallucinations (AVHs) are typically associated with schizophrenia but also occur in individuals without any need for care (nonclinical voice hearers [NCVHs]). Cognitive models of AVHs posit potential biases in source monitoring, top-down processes, or a failure to inhibit intrusive m...

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Autores principales: Moseley, Peter, Alderson-Day, Ben, Common, Stephanie, Dodgson, Guy, Lee, Rebecca, Mitrenga, Kaja, Moffatt, Jamie, Fernyhough, Charles
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: SAGE Publications 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9280701/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35846173
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/21677026211059802
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author Moseley, Peter
Alderson-Day, Ben
Common, Stephanie
Dodgson, Guy
Lee, Rebecca
Mitrenga, Kaja
Moffatt, Jamie
Fernyhough, Charles
author_facet Moseley, Peter
Alderson-Day, Ben
Common, Stephanie
Dodgson, Guy
Lee, Rebecca
Mitrenga, Kaja
Moffatt, Jamie
Fernyhough, Charles
author_sort Moseley, Peter
collection PubMed
description Auditory verbal hallucinations (AVHs) are typically associated with schizophrenia but also occur in individuals without any need for care (nonclinical voice hearers [NCVHs]). Cognitive models of AVHs posit potential biases in source monitoring, top-down processes, or a failure to inhibit intrusive memories. However, research across clinical/nonclinical groups is limited, and the extent to which there may be continuity in cognitive mechanism across groups, as predicted by the psychosis-continuum hypothesis, is unclear. We report two studies in which voice hearers with psychosis (n = 31) and NCVH participants reporting regular spiritual voices (n = 26) completed a battery of cognitive tasks. Compared with non-voice-hearing groups (ns = 33 and 28), voice hearers with psychosis showed atypical performance on signal detection, dichotic listening, and memory-inhibition tasks but intact performance on the source-monitoring task. NCVH participants, however, showed only atypical signal detection, which suggests differences between clinical and nonclinical voice hearers potentially related to attentional control and inhibition. These findings suggest that at the level of cognition, continuum models of hallucinations may need to take into account continuity but also discontinuity between clinical and nonclinical groups.
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spelling pubmed-92807012022-07-15 Continuities and Discontinuities in the Cognitive Mechanisms Associated With Clinical and Nonclinical Auditory Verbal Hallucinations Moseley, Peter Alderson-Day, Ben Common, Stephanie Dodgson, Guy Lee, Rebecca Mitrenga, Kaja Moffatt, Jamie Fernyhough, Charles Clin Psychol Sci Empirical Articles Auditory verbal hallucinations (AVHs) are typically associated with schizophrenia but also occur in individuals without any need for care (nonclinical voice hearers [NCVHs]). Cognitive models of AVHs posit potential biases in source monitoring, top-down processes, or a failure to inhibit intrusive memories. However, research across clinical/nonclinical groups is limited, and the extent to which there may be continuity in cognitive mechanism across groups, as predicted by the psychosis-continuum hypothesis, is unclear. We report two studies in which voice hearers with psychosis (n = 31) and NCVH participants reporting regular spiritual voices (n = 26) completed a battery of cognitive tasks. Compared with non-voice-hearing groups (ns = 33 and 28), voice hearers with psychosis showed atypical performance on signal detection, dichotic listening, and memory-inhibition tasks but intact performance on the source-monitoring task. NCVH participants, however, showed only atypical signal detection, which suggests differences between clinical and nonclinical voice hearers potentially related to attentional control and inhibition. These findings suggest that at the level of cognition, continuum models of hallucinations may need to take into account continuity but also discontinuity between clinical and nonclinical groups. SAGE Publications 2022-01-17 2022-07 /pmc/articles/PMC9280701/ /pubmed/35846173 http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/21677026211059802 Text en © The Author(s) 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) which permits any use, reproduction and distribution of the work without further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified on the SAGE and Open Access pages (https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage).
spellingShingle Empirical Articles
Moseley, Peter
Alderson-Day, Ben
Common, Stephanie
Dodgson, Guy
Lee, Rebecca
Mitrenga, Kaja
Moffatt, Jamie
Fernyhough, Charles
Continuities and Discontinuities in the Cognitive Mechanisms Associated With Clinical and Nonclinical Auditory Verbal Hallucinations
title Continuities and Discontinuities in the Cognitive Mechanisms Associated With Clinical and Nonclinical Auditory Verbal Hallucinations
title_full Continuities and Discontinuities in the Cognitive Mechanisms Associated With Clinical and Nonclinical Auditory Verbal Hallucinations
title_fullStr Continuities and Discontinuities in the Cognitive Mechanisms Associated With Clinical and Nonclinical Auditory Verbal Hallucinations
title_full_unstemmed Continuities and Discontinuities in the Cognitive Mechanisms Associated With Clinical and Nonclinical Auditory Verbal Hallucinations
title_short Continuities and Discontinuities in the Cognitive Mechanisms Associated With Clinical and Nonclinical Auditory Verbal Hallucinations
title_sort continuities and discontinuities in the cognitive mechanisms associated with clinical and nonclinical auditory verbal hallucinations
topic Empirical Articles
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9280701/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35846173
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/21677026211059802
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