Treatment strategy for multisegmental cervicomedullary ependymoma: illustrative case

BACKGROUND: Сervicomedullary ependymoma (CME) is a rare tumor of the central nervous system. The CME treatment strategy is insufficiently represented in the literature and is a complex task for neurosurgeons. OBSERVATIONS: The authors describe an infrequent case of a large multisegmental CME that extended from the medulla oblongata to the cervical spinal cord at the level of the sixth cervical vertebra in a 21-year-old female. Neurological disorders presented with headache, dysphagia, hypophonia, and weakness in the limbs. Subtotal removal of the tumor was performed according to intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring (IONM) results. A wait-and-see approach with patient follow-up was chosen. LESSONS: Total tumor removal of the CME is the most important favorable prognostic factor. Subtotal resection can be considered if the borders of the tumor are unclear and the result of IONM is unfavorable. The role of postoperative radiation therapy in the case of subtotal removal of the tumor remains controversial.