Body mass index combined with waist circumference can predict moderate chronic kidney disease: A retrospective study

Overweight and obesity may be associated with poor clinical outcome, including chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, whether body mass index (BMI), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), and waist circumference (WC) are related to CKD is yet to be elucidated. A total of 7593 adults were divided into 4 groups based on the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) quartile. The eGFR was calculated with the CKD Epidemiology Collaboration. Multiple linear regression analyzed the association between eGFR and WHR, BMI, and WC. Logistic regression analysis determined whether the CKD patients were associated with WHR, BMI, and WC after adjusting for other variables. The mean age of the cohort was 72.34 ± 7.30 years. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that WC (P = .006) was associated with eGFR, although adjusted by lifestyle factor and biochemical indicators. The individuals in the underweight, overweight, and obese groups had significantly lower eGFR value than those in the healthy weight group in moderate CKD. The eGFR in the overweight group with WHR ≤0.894 was higher than in the healthy weight group with WHR >0.894 group (P = .036). Overweight with WHR ≤0.894 group had a longer WC with a pronounced increase in the hip circumference. Logistic regression analysis showed that the WC (OR = 1.362, P < .001) and BMI (OR = 1.227, P = .031) were independent risk factors for moderate CKD patients. Each standard deviation (SD) of high BMI and WC level was associated with 23.0% and 17.3% higher odds of moderate CKD (OR = 1.230, P = .017 and OR = 1.173, P = .021, respectively). WC is an independent risk factor for eGFR. Combined BMI and WC are important factors that would predict moderate CKD patients.