Rapport 22-09. Perception du risque médicamenteux par le public et rôle des médias()

Opinion polls regularly show that the vast majority of French people have a positive perception of the efficacy and safety of using medicines, including vaccines. Distrust or hostility towards them is only the fact of a small minority of the population, but active and noisy on social networks and overvalued by the media and public authorities. However, the pandemic due to Covid 19 (SARS-CoV-2) has confirmed to what extent the perception of drug risk by the public is unstable, sometimes irrational, how many and complex the determinants of this perception are and what role as a public resonance, fears play out in the media. We can even implicitly see the general underlying tendency of our society, which is to grant primacy to risk to the detriment of profit in the assessment of a technological innovation. The risk tree often masking the forest of efficiency. This polarization of minds on risks, associated with an overestimation of low probabilities, testifies to the impregnation of our mores by the ideology of precaution. To which are added distorting factors such as naturalistic prejudice, cultural relativism and the planetary extension of social networks which instantly spread false information that is more viral and better remembered than the true ones, hampering communication based on science data. Promoting the correct perception of drug risk requires recalling both the benefits and the risks linked to action but also those linked to inaction; to clarify institutional messages by making them as factual as possible; to limit the number of public broadcasters to achieve greater consistency in their messages; to have the frankness to sometimes say that we do not know, medicine by nature being practiced in a context of uncertainty. The Academy calls for an ambitious educational policy for young people: training in critical thinking and the acquisition of the basics of drug risk should be introduced from middle school. The Academy also believes that the public is entitled to expect quality-controlled information from the media, away from rumors, by calling on indisputable experts and by favoring objective data over subjective testimonies based on personal experiences.