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Light sedation with short habituation time for large‐scale functional magnetic resonance imaging studies in rats
Traditionally, preclinical resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies have been performed in anesthetized animals. Nevertheless, as anesthesia affects the functional connectivity (FC) in the brain, there has been a growing interest in imaging in the awake state. Obviously, aw...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
John Wiley and Sons Inc.
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9285600/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34961988 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nbm.4679 |
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author | Dvořáková, Lenka Stenroos, Petteri Paasonen, Ekaterina Salo, Raimo A. Paasonen, Jaakko Gröhn, Olli |
author_facet | Dvořáková, Lenka Stenroos, Petteri Paasonen, Ekaterina Salo, Raimo A. Paasonen, Jaakko Gröhn, Olli |
author_sort | Dvořáková, Lenka |
collection | PubMed |
description | Traditionally, preclinical resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies have been performed in anesthetized animals. Nevertheless, as anesthesia affects the functional connectivity (FC) in the brain, there has been a growing interest in imaging in the awake state. Obviously, awake imaging requires resource‐ and time‐consuming habituation prior to data acquisition to reduce the stress and motion of the animals. Light sedation has been a less widely exploited alternative for awake imaging, requiring shorter habituation times, while still reducing the effect of anesthesia. Here, we imaged 102 rats under light sedation and 10 awake animals to conduct an FC analysis. We established an automated data‐processing pipeline suitable for both groups. Additionally, the same pipeline was used on data obtained from an openly available awake rat database (289 measurements in 90 rats). The FC pattern in the light sedation measurements closely resembled the corresponding patterns in both onsite and offsite awake datasets. However, fewer datasets had to be excluded due to movement in rats with light sedation. The temporal analysis of FC in the lightly sedated group indicated a lingering effect of anesthesia that stabilized after the first 5 min. In summary, our results indicate that the light sedation protocol is a valid alternative for large‐scale studies where awake protocols may become prohibitively resource‐demanding, as it provides similar results to awake imaging, preserves more scans, and requires shorter habituation times. The large amount of fMRI data obtained in this work are openly available for further analyses. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9285600 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | John Wiley and Sons Inc. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-92856002022-07-18 Light sedation with short habituation time for large‐scale functional magnetic resonance imaging studies in rats Dvořáková, Lenka Stenroos, Petteri Paasonen, Ekaterina Salo, Raimo A. Paasonen, Jaakko Gröhn, Olli NMR Biomed Research Articles Traditionally, preclinical resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies have been performed in anesthetized animals. Nevertheless, as anesthesia affects the functional connectivity (FC) in the brain, there has been a growing interest in imaging in the awake state. Obviously, awake imaging requires resource‐ and time‐consuming habituation prior to data acquisition to reduce the stress and motion of the animals. Light sedation has been a less widely exploited alternative for awake imaging, requiring shorter habituation times, while still reducing the effect of anesthesia. Here, we imaged 102 rats under light sedation and 10 awake animals to conduct an FC analysis. We established an automated data‐processing pipeline suitable for both groups. Additionally, the same pipeline was used on data obtained from an openly available awake rat database (289 measurements in 90 rats). The FC pattern in the light sedation measurements closely resembled the corresponding patterns in both onsite and offsite awake datasets. However, fewer datasets had to be excluded due to movement in rats with light sedation. The temporal analysis of FC in the lightly sedated group indicated a lingering effect of anesthesia that stabilized after the first 5 min. In summary, our results indicate that the light sedation protocol is a valid alternative for large‐scale studies where awake protocols may become prohibitively resource‐demanding, as it provides similar results to awake imaging, preserves more scans, and requires shorter habituation times. The large amount of fMRI data obtained in this work are openly available for further analyses. John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2022-01-19 2022-06 /pmc/articles/PMC9285600/ /pubmed/34961988 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nbm.4679 Text en © 2021 The Authors. NMR in Biomedicine published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non‐commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made. |
spellingShingle | Research Articles Dvořáková, Lenka Stenroos, Petteri Paasonen, Ekaterina Salo, Raimo A. Paasonen, Jaakko Gröhn, Olli Light sedation with short habituation time for large‐scale functional magnetic resonance imaging studies in rats |
title | Light sedation with short habituation time for large‐scale functional magnetic resonance imaging studies in rats |
title_full | Light sedation with short habituation time for large‐scale functional magnetic resonance imaging studies in rats |
title_fullStr | Light sedation with short habituation time for large‐scale functional magnetic resonance imaging studies in rats |
title_full_unstemmed | Light sedation with short habituation time for large‐scale functional magnetic resonance imaging studies in rats |
title_short | Light sedation with short habituation time for large‐scale functional magnetic resonance imaging studies in rats |
title_sort | light sedation with short habituation time for large‐scale functional magnetic resonance imaging studies in rats |
topic | Research Articles |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9285600/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34961988 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nbm.4679 |
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