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A Randomized Clinical Trial of Precision Prevention Materials Incorporating MC1R Genetic Risk to Improve Skin Cancer Prevention Activities Among Hispanics
PURPOSE: Skin cancer incidence is increasing among Hispanics, who experience worse outcomes than non-Hispanic Whites. Precision prevention incorporating genetic testing for (melanocortin-1 receptor) MC1R, a skin cancer susceptibility marker, may improve prevention behavior. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: Hisp...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
American Association for Cancer Research
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9286490/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35845857 http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/2767-9764.CRC-21-0114 |
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author | Lacson, John Charles A. Doyle, Scarlet H. Del Rio, Jocelyn Forgas, Stephanie M. Carvajal, Rodrigo Gonzalez-Calderon, Guillermo Ramírez Feliciano, Adriana Kim, Youngchul Roetzheim, Richard G. Sutton, Steven K. Vadaparampil, Susan T. Soto-Torres, Brenda Kanetsky, Peter A. |
author_facet | Lacson, John Charles A. Doyle, Scarlet H. Del Rio, Jocelyn Forgas, Stephanie M. Carvajal, Rodrigo Gonzalez-Calderon, Guillermo Ramírez Feliciano, Adriana Kim, Youngchul Roetzheim, Richard G. Sutton, Steven K. Vadaparampil, Susan T. Soto-Torres, Brenda Kanetsky, Peter A. |
author_sort | Lacson, John Charles A. |
collection | PubMed |
description | PURPOSE: Skin cancer incidence is increasing among Hispanics, who experience worse outcomes than non-Hispanic Whites. Precision prevention incorporating genetic testing for (melanocortin-1 receptor) MC1R, a skin cancer susceptibility marker, may improve prevention behavior. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: Hispanic participants (n = 920) from Tampa, FL and Ponce, PR, were block-randomized within MC1R higher- and average-risk groups to precision prevention or generic prevention arms. We collected baseline information on demographics, family history of cancer, phenotypic characteristics, health literacy, health numeracy, and psychosocial measures. Participants reported weekday and weekend sun exposure (in hours), number of sunburns, frequency of five sun protection behaviors, intentional outdoor and indoor tanning, and skin examinations at baseline, 3 months, and 9 months. Participants also reported these outcomes for their eldest child ≤10 years old. RESULTS: Among MC1R higher-risk participants, precision prevention increased sunscreen use (OR = 1.74, P = 0.03) and receipt of a clinical skin exam (OR = 6.51, P = 0.0006); and it decreased weekday sun exposure hours (β = −0.94, P = 0.005) and improved sun protection behaviors (β = 0.93, P = 0.02) in their children. There were no significant intervention effects among MC1R average-risk participants. The intervention did not elevate participant cancer worry. We also identified moderators of the intervention effect among both average- and higher-risk participants. CONCLUSIONS: Receipt of MC1R precision prevention materials improved some skin cancer prevention behaviors among higher-risk participants and their children and did not result in reduced prevention activities among average-risk participants. Despite these encouraging findings, levels of sun protection behaviors remained suboptimal among participants, warranting more awareness and prevention campaigns targeted to Hispanics SIGNIFICANCE: Our results support a precision public health approach to reducing skin cancers among Hispanics, an underserved population in precision medicine, and may additionally improve preventive behaviors among their children. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9286490 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | American Association for Cancer Research |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-92864902022-07-15 A Randomized Clinical Trial of Precision Prevention Materials Incorporating MC1R Genetic Risk to Improve Skin Cancer Prevention Activities Among Hispanics Lacson, John Charles A. Doyle, Scarlet H. Del Rio, Jocelyn Forgas, Stephanie M. Carvajal, Rodrigo Gonzalez-Calderon, Guillermo Ramírez Feliciano, Adriana Kim, Youngchul Roetzheim, Richard G. Sutton, Steven K. Vadaparampil, Susan T. Soto-Torres, Brenda Kanetsky, Peter A. Cancer Res Commun Research Article PURPOSE: Skin cancer incidence is increasing among Hispanics, who experience worse outcomes than non-Hispanic Whites. Precision prevention incorporating genetic testing for (melanocortin-1 receptor) MC1R, a skin cancer susceptibility marker, may improve prevention behavior. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: Hispanic participants (n = 920) from Tampa, FL and Ponce, PR, were block-randomized within MC1R higher- and average-risk groups to precision prevention or generic prevention arms. We collected baseline information on demographics, family history of cancer, phenotypic characteristics, health literacy, health numeracy, and psychosocial measures. Participants reported weekday and weekend sun exposure (in hours), number of sunburns, frequency of five sun protection behaviors, intentional outdoor and indoor tanning, and skin examinations at baseline, 3 months, and 9 months. Participants also reported these outcomes for their eldest child ≤10 years old. RESULTS: Among MC1R higher-risk participants, precision prevention increased sunscreen use (OR = 1.74, P = 0.03) and receipt of a clinical skin exam (OR = 6.51, P = 0.0006); and it decreased weekday sun exposure hours (β = −0.94, P = 0.005) and improved sun protection behaviors (β = 0.93, P = 0.02) in their children. There were no significant intervention effects among MC1R average-risk participants. The intervention did not elevate participant cancer worry. We also identified moderators of the intervention effect among both average- and higher-risk participants. CONCLUSIONS: Receipt of MC1R precision prevention materials improved some skin cancer prevention behaviors among higher-risk participants and their children and did not result in reduced prevention activities among average-risk participants. Despite these encouraging findings, levels of sun protection behaviors remained suboptimal among participants, warranting more awareness and prevention campaigns targeted to Hispanics SIGNIFICANCE: Our results support a precision public health approach to reducing skin cancers among Hispanics, an underserved population in precision medicine, and may additionally improve preventive behaviors among their children. American Association for Cancer Research 2022-01-11 /pmc/articles/PMC9286490/ /pubmed/35845857 http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/2767-9764.CRC-21-0114 Text en © 2022 The Authors; Published by the American Association for Cancer Research https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This open access article is distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) license. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Lacson, John Charles A. Doyle, Scarlet H. Del Rio, Jocelyn Forgas, Stephanie M. Carvajal, Rodrigo Gonzalez-Calderon, Guillermo Ramírez Feliciano, Adriana Kim, Youngchul Roetzheim, Richard G. Sutton, Steven K. Vadaparampil, Susan T. Soto-Torres, Brenda Kanetsky, Peter A. A Randomized Clinical Trial of Precision Prevention Materials Incorporating MC1R Genetic Risk to Improve Skin Cancer Prevention Activities Among Hispanics |
title | A Randomized Clinical Trial of Precision Prevention Materials Incorporating MC1R Genetic Risk to Improve Skin Cancer Prevention Activities Among Hispanics |
title_full | A Randomized Clinical Trial of Precision Prevention Materials Incorporating MC1R Genetic Risk to Improve Skin Cancer Prevention Activities Among Hispanics |
title_fullStr | A Randomized Clinical Trial of Precision Prevention Materials Incorporating MC1R Genetic Risk to Improve Skin Cancer Prevention Activities Among Hispanics |
title_full_unstemmed | A Randomized Clinical Trial of Precision Prevention Materials Incorporating MC1R Genetic Risk to Improve Skin Cancer Prevention Activities Among Hispanics |
title_short | A Randomized Clinical Trial of Precision Prevention Materials Incorporating MC1R Genetic Risk to Improve Skin Cancer Prevention Activities Among Hispanics |
title_sort | randomized clinical trial of precision prevention materials incorporating mc1r genetic risk to improve skin cancer prevention activities among hispanics |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9286490/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35845857 http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/2767-9764.CRC-21-0114 |
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