Accurate image-based CSF volume calculation of the lateral ventricles

The size/volume of the brain’s ventricles is essential in diagnosing and treating many neurological disorders, with various forms of hydrocephalus being some of the most common. Initial ventricular size and changes, if any, in response to disease progression or therapeutic intervention are monitored by serial imaging methods. Significant variance in ventricular size is readily noted, but small incremental changes can be challenging to appreciate. We have previously reported using artificial intelligence to determine ventricular volume. The values obtained were compared with those calculated using the inaccurate manual segmentation as the “gold standard”. This document introduces a strategy to measure ventricular volumes where manual segmentation is not employed to validate the estimations. Instead, we created 3D printed models that mimic the lateral ventricles and measured those 3D models’ volume with a tuned water displacement device. The 3D models are placed in a gel and taken to the magnetic resonance scanner. Images extracted from the phantoms are fed to an artificial intelligence-based algorithm. The volumes yielded by the automation must equal those yielded by water displacement to assert validation. Then, we provide certified volumes for subjects in the age range (1–114) months old and two hydrocephalus patients.