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Synthesis of geological data and comparative phylogeography of lowland tetrapods suggests recent dispersal through lowland portals crossing the Eastern Andean Cordillera

Vicariance is the simplest explanation for divergence between sister lineages separated by a potential barrier, and the northern Andes would seem to provide an ideal example of a vicariant driver of divergence. We evaluated the potential role of the uplift of the Eastern Cordillera (EC) of the Colom...

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Autores principales: Rodriguez-Muñoz, Erika, Montes, Camilo, Rojas-Runjaic, Fernando J. M., Crawford, Andrew J.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: PeerJ Inc. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9288170/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35855906
http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.13186
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author Rodriguez-Muñoz, Erika
Montes, Camilo
Rojas-Runjaic, Fernando J. M.
Crawford, Andrew J.
author_facet Rodriguez-Muñoz, Erika
Montes, Camilo
Rojas-Runjaic, Fernando J. M.
Crawford, Andrew J.
author_sort Rodriguez-Muñoz, Erika
collection PubMed
description Vicariance is the simplest explanation for divergence between sister lineages separated by a potential barrier, and the northern Andes would seem to provide an ideal example of a vicariant driver of divergence. We evaluated the potential role of the uplift of the Eastern Cordillera (EC) of the Colombian Andes and the Mérida Andes (MA) of Venezuela as drivers of vicariance between lowland populations co-distributed on both flanks. We synthesized published geological data and provided a new reconstruction showing that the EC-MA grew from north to south, reaching significant heights and separating drainages and changing sediment composition by 38–33 million years ago (Ma). A few lowland passes across the EC-MA may have reached their current heights (~1,900 m a.s.l.) at 3–5 Ma. We created a comparative phylogeographic data set for 37 lineages of lowland tetrapods. Based on molecular phylogenetic analyses, most divergences between sister populations or species across the EC-MA occurred during Pliocene and the Quaternary and a few during the latest Miocene, and coalescent simulations rejected synchronous divergence for most groups. Divergence times were on average slightly but significantly more recent in homeotherms relative to poikilotherms. Because divergence ages are mostly too recent relative to the geological history and too asynchronous relative to each other, divergence across the northern Andes may be better explained by organism-environment interactions concomitant with climate oscillations during the Pleistocene, and/or dispersal across portals through the Andes.
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spelling pubmed-92881702022-07-17 Synthesis of geological data and comparative phylogeography of lowland tetrapods suggests recent dispersal through lowland portals crossing the Eastern Andean Cordillera Rodriguez-Muñoz, Erika Montes, Camilo Rojas-Runjaic, Fernando J. M. Crawford, Andrew J. PeerJ Biodiversity Vicariance is the simplest explanation for divergence between sister lineages separated by a potential barrier, and the northern Andes would seem to provide an ideal example of a vicariant driver of divergence. We evaluated the potential role of the uplift of the Eastern Cordillera (EC) of the Colombian Andes and the Mérida Andes (MA) of Venezuela as drivers of vicariance between lowland populations co-distributed on both flanks. We synthesized published geological data and provided a new reconstruction showing that the EC-MA grew from north to south, reaching significant heights and separating drainages and changing sediment composition by 38–33 million years ago (Ma). A few lowland passes across the EC-MA may have reached their current heights (~1,900 m a.s.l.) at 3–5 Ma. We created a comparative phylogeographic data set for 37 lineages of lowland tetrapods. Based on molecular phylogenetic analyses, most divergences between sister populations or species across the EC-MA occurred during Pliocene and the Quaternary and a few during the latest Miocene, and coalescent simulations rejected synchronous divergence for most groups. Divergence times were on average slightly but significantly more recent in homeotherms relative to poikilotherms. Because divergence ages are mostly too recent relative to the geological history and too asynchronous relative to each other, divergence across the northern Andes may be better explained by organism-environment interactions concomitant with climate oscillations during the Pleistocene, and/or dispersal across portals through the Andes. PeerJ Inc. 2022-07-13 /pmc/articles/PMC9288170/ /pubmed/35855906 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.13186 Text en © 2022 Rodriguez-Muñoz et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, reproduction and adaptation in any medium and for any purpose provided that it is properly attributed. For attribution, the original author(s), title, publication source (PeerJ) and either DOI or URL of the article must be cited.
spellingShingle Biodiversity
Rodriguez-Muñoz, Erika
Montes, Camilo
Rojas-Runjaic, Fernando J. M.
Crawford, Andrew J.
Synthesis of geological data and comparative phylogeography of lowland tetrapods suggests recent dispersal through lowland portals crossing the Eastern Andean Cordillera
title Synthesis of geological data and comparative phylogeography of lowland tetrapods suggests recent dispersal through lowland portals crossing the Eastern Andean Cordillera
title_full Synthesis of geological data and comparative phylogeography of lowland tetrapods suggests recent dispersal through lowland portals crossing the Eastern Andean Cordillera
title_fullStr Synthesis of geological data and comparative phylogeography of lowland tetrapods suggests recent dispersal through lowland portals crossing the Eastern Andean Cordillera
title_full_unstemmed Synthesis of geological data and comparative phylogeography of lowland tetrapods suggests recent dispersal through lowland portals crossing the Eastern Andean Cordillera
title_short Synthesis of geological data and comparative phylogeography of lowland tetrapods suggests recent dispersal through lowland portals crossing the Eastern Andean Cordillera
title_sort synthesis of geological data and comparative phylogeography of lowland tetrapods suggests recent dispersal through lowland portals crossing the eastern andean cordillera
topic Biodiversity
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9288170/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35855906
http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.13186
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