Effectiveness of BBV152/Covaxin and AZD1222/Covishield vaccines against severe COVID-19 and B.1.617.2/Delta variant in India, 2021: a multi-centric hospital-based case-control study

OBJECTIVES: India introduced BBV152/Covaxin and AZD1222/Covishield vaccines in January 2021. We estimated the effectiveness of these vaccines against severe COVID-19 among individuals aged ≥45 years. METHODS: We did a multi-centric, hospital-based, case-control study between May and July 2021. Cases...

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Autores principales: Bhatnagar, Tarun, Chaudhuri, Sirshendu, Ponnaiah, Manickam, Yadav, Pragya D, Sabarinathan, R, Sahay, Rima R, Ahmed, Faheem, Aswathy, S, Bhardwaj, Pankaj, Bilimale, Anil, Kumar, M Santhosh, Logaraj, M., Narlawar, Uday, Palanivel, C, Patel, Prakash, Rai, Sanjay K, Saxena, Vartika, Singh, Arvind, Thangaraj, Jeromie WV, Agarwal, Ashwini, Alvi, Yasir, Amoghashree, Ashok, P, Babu, Dinesh, Bahurupi, Yogesh, Bhalavi, Sangita, Behera, Priyamadhaba, Biswas, Priyanka Pandit, Charan, Jaykaran, Chauhan, Nishant Kumar, Chetak, KB, Dar, Lalit, Das, Ayan, Deepashree, R, Dhar, Minakshi, Dhodapkar, Rahul, Dipu, TS, Dudeja, Mridu, Dudhmal, Manisha, Gadepalli, Ravisekhar, Garg, Mahendra Kumar, Gayathri, AV, Goel, Akhil Dhanesh, Gowdappa, H Basavana, Guleria, Randeep, Gupta, Manoj Kumar, Islam, Farzana, Jain, Mannu, Jain, Vineet, Jawahar, M Lanord Stanley, Joshi, Rajendra, Kant, Shashi, Kar, Sitanshu Sekhar, Kalita, Deepjyoti, Khapre, Meenakshi, Khichar, Satyendra, Kombade, Sarika Prabhakar, Kohli, Sunil, Kumar, Abhinendra, Kumar, Anil, Kumar, Deepak, Kulirankal, Kiran G, Leela, KV, Majumdar, Triparna, Mishra, Baijayantimala, Misra, Puneet, Misra, Sanjeev, Mohapatra, Prasanta Raghab, Murthy, M Narayana, Nyayanit, Dimpal A, Patel, Manish, Pathania, Monika, Patil, Savita, Patro, Binod Kumar, Jalandra, Ramniwas, Rathod, Pragati, Shah, Naimesh, Shete, Anita, Shukla, Deepak, Shwethashree, M, Sinha, Smita, Sumana, MN, Surana, Ashish, Trikha, Anjan, Tejashree, A, Venkateshan, Mahalingam, Vijaykrishnan, G, Wadhava, Sarita, Wig, Naveet, Gupta, Nivedita, Abraham, Priya, Murhekar, Manoj V
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of International Society for Infectious Diseases. 2022
Materias:
Article
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9288262/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35843496
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2022.07.033
Descripción
Sumario:OBJECTIVES: India introduced BBV152/Covaxin and AZD1222/Covishield vaccines in January 2021. We estimated the effectiveness of these vaccines against severe COVID-19 among individuals aged ≥45 years. METHODS: We did a multi-centric, hospital-based, case-control study between May and July 2021. Cases were severe COVID-19 patients, and controls were COVID-19 negative individuals from 11 hospitals. Vaccine effectiveness (VE) was estimated for complete (2 doses ≥ 14 days) and partial (1 dose ≥ 21 days) vaccination; interval between two vaccine doses and vaccination against the Delta variant. We used the random effects logistic regression model to calculate the adjusted odds ratios (aOR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) after adjusting for relevant known confounders. RESULTS: We enrolled 1143 cases and 2541 control patients. The VE of complete vaccination was 85% (95% CI: 79-89%) with AZD1222/Covishield and 71% (95% CI: 57-81%) with BBV152/Covaxin. The VE was highest for 6-8 weeks between two doses of AZD1222/Covishield (94%, 95% CI: 86-97%) and BBV152/Covaxin (93%, 95% CI: 34-99%). The VE estimates were similar against the Delta strain and sub-lineages. CONCLUSION: BBV152/Covaxin and AZD1222/Covishield were effective against severe COVID-19 among the Indian population during the period of dominance of the highly transmissible Delta variant in the second wave of the pandemic. An escalation of two-dose coverage with COVID-19 vaccines is critical to reduce severe COVID-19 and further mitigate the pandemic in the country.

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