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Prophylactic and Therapeutic HPV Vaccines: Current Scenario and Perspectives

Persistent human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is recognized as the main cause of cervical cancer and other malignant cancers. Although early detection and treatment can be achieved by effective HPV screening methods and surgical procedures, the disease load has not been adequately mitigated yet, e...

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Autores principales: Mo, Yicheng, Ma, Jiabing, Zhang, Hongtao, Shen, Junjie, Chen, Jun, Hong, Juan, Xu, Yanmin, Qian, Cheng
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9289603/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35860379
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2022.909223
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author Mo, Yicheng
Ma, Jiabing
Zhang, Hongtao
Shen, Junjie
Chen, Jun
Hong, Juan
Xu, Yanmin
Qian, Cheng
author_facet Mo, Yicheng
Ma, Jiabing
Zhang, Hongtao
Shen, Junjie
Chen, Jun
Hong, Juan
Xu, Yanmin
Qian, Cheng
author_sort Mo, Yicheng
collection PubMed
description Persistent human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is recognized as the main cause of cervical cancer and other malignant cancers. Although early detection and treatment can be achieved by effective HPV screening methods and surgical procedures, the disease load has not been adequately mitigated yet, especially in the underdeveloped areas. Vaccine, being regarded as a more effective solution, is expected to prevent virus infection and the consequent diseases in the phases of both prevention and treatment. Currently, there are three licensed prophylactic vaccines for L1-VLPs, namely bivalent, quadrivalent and nonavalent vaccine. About 90% of HPV infections have been effectively prevented with the implementation of vaccines worldwide. However, no significant therapeutic effect has been observed on the already existed infections and lesions. Therapeutic vaccine designed for oncoprotein E6/E7 activates cellular immunity rather than focuses on neutralizing antibodies, which is considered as an ideal immune method to eliminate infection. In this review, we elaborate on the classification, mechanism, and clinical effects of HPV vaccines for disease prevention and treatment, in order to make improvements to the current situation of HPV vaccines by provoking new ideas.
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spelling pubmed-92896032022-07-19 Prophylactic and Therapeutic HPV Vaccines: Current Scenario and Perspectives Mo, Yicheng Ma, Jiabing Zhang, Hongtao Shen, Junjie Chen, Jun Hong, Juan Xu, Yanmin Qian, Cheng Front Cell Infect Microbiol Cellular and Infection Microbiology Persistent human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is recognized as the main cause of cervical cancer and other malignant cancers. Although early detection and treatment can be achieved by effective HPV screening methods and surgical procedures, the disease load has not been adequately mitigated yet, especially in the underdeveloped areas. Vaccine, being regarded as a more effective solution, is expected to prevent virus infection and the consequent diseases in the phases of both prevention and treatment. Currently, there are three licensed prophylactic vaccines for L1-VLPs, namely bivalent, quadrivalent and nonavalent vaccine. About 90% of HPV infections have been effectively prevented with the implementation of vaccines worldwide. However, no significant therapeutic effect has been observed on the already existed infections and lesions. Therapeutic vaccine designed for oncoprotein E6/E7 activates cellular immunity rather than focuses on neutralizing antibodies, which is considered as an ideal immune method to eliminate infection. In this review, we elaborate on the classification, mechanism, and clinical effects of HPV vaccines for disease prevention and treatment, in order to make improvements to the current situation of HPV vaccines by provoking new ideas. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-07-04 /pmc/articles/PMC9289603/ /pubmed/35860379 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2022.909223 Text en Copyright © 2022 Mo, Ma, Zhang, Shen, Chen, Hong, Xu and Qian https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Cellular and Infection Microbiology
Mo, Yicheng
Ma, Jiabing
Zhang, Hongtao
Shen, Junjie
Chen, Jun
Hong, Juan
Xu, Yanmin
Qian, Cheng
Prophylactic and Therapeutic HPV Vaccines: Current Scenario and Perspectives
title Prophylactic and Therapeutic HPV Vaccines: Current Scenario and Perspectives
title_full Prophylactic and Therapeutic HPV Vaccines: Current Scenario and Perspectives
title_fullStr Prophylactic and Therapeutic HPV Vaccines: Current Scenario and Perspectives
title_full_unstemmed Prophylactic and Therapeutic HPV Vaccines: Current Scenario and Perspectives
title_short Prophylactic and Therapeutic HPV Vaccines: Current Scenario and Perspectives
title_sort prophylactic and therapeutic hpv vaccines: current scenario and perspectives
topic Cellular and Infection Microbiology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9289603/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35860379
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2022.909223
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