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Co-infection with dual Streptococcus pneumoniae serotypes as a cause of pediatric bacterial meningitis in Iran: a multi-center cross-sectional study

BACKGROUND: Meningitis is considered a life-threatening infection with high mortality all over the world. Hemophilus influenzae (H. influenzae) and Streptococcus pneumoniae (S. pneumoniae) are regarded as the two most common infectious agents causing bacterial meningitis. This study aimed to identif...

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Autores principales: Tabatabaei, Sedigheh Rafiei, Shamshiri, Ahmadreza, Azimi, Leila, Nazari-Alam, Ali, Karimi, Abdollah, Mirjavadi, Seyed Alireza, Tariverdi, Marjan
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9290261/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35850636
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12879-022-07606-w
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author Tabatabaei, Sedigheh Rafiei
Shamshiri, Ahmadreza
Azimi, Leila
Nazari-Alam, Ali
Karimi, Abdollah
Mirjavadi, Seyed Alireza
Tariverdi, Marjan
author_facet Tabatabaei, Sedigheh Rafiei
Shamshiri, Ahmadreza
Azimi, Leila
Nazari-Alam, Ali
Karimi, Abdollah
Mirjavadi, Seyed Alireza
Tariverdi, Marjan
author_sort Tabatabaei, Sedigheh Rafiei
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Meningitis is considered a life-threatening infection with high mortality all over the world. Hemophilus influenzae (H. influenzae) and Streptococcus pneumoniae (S. pneumoniae) are regarded as the two most common infectious agents causing bacterial meningitis. This study aimed to identify H. influenzae and S. pneumoniae serotypes in blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of pediatric patients with meningitis, using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). METHODS: This multi-center cross-sectional study included 284 children with suspected meningitis referred to 4 target hospitals. Overall, 412 samples (128 blood and 284 CSF samples) were obtained from the patients from November 14, 2016 to November 15, 2017. The extracted DNA was examined using multiplex real time PCR to screen for S. pneumoniae and H. influenzae. S. pneumoniae serotyping was also done by multiplex PCR. RESULTS: Out of 284 CSF specimens, 22 were positive for ply S. pneumoniae. Of 20 DNA samples meeting the Quality Control (QC) standards for serotyping, 7 (35%), 6 (30%), 2 (10%), 2 (10%), 2 (10%), 1 (5%), 1 (5%), 1 (5%), 1 (5%) and 1 (5%) were positive for serotypes 3, 11A, 6A, 14, 7C, 23F, 23B, 19A, and 19F and 5, respectively. Overall, nine samples were positive for two serotypes, of whom 3 and 11A were the most common from Tehran province. Of note, one of these CSF samples showed a new co-infection with serotypes 7C and 14. Also, 6 samples (30%) were positive for H. influenzae detected by bexA primer. None of the blood samples were positive for S. pneumoniae or H. influenzae. CONCLUSION: Co-infection with S. pneumoniae serotypes can occur in bacterial meningitis and it might be missed if all serotypes are not evaluated in CSF specimens.
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spelling pubmed-92902612022-07-19 Co-infection with dual Streptococcus pneumoniae serotypes as a cause of pediatric bacterial meningitis in Iran: a multi-center cross-sectional study Tabatabaei, Sedigheh Rafiei Shamshiri, Ahmadreza Azimi, Leila Nazari-Alam, Ali Karimi, Abdollah Mirjavadi, Seyed Alireza Tariverdi, Marjan BMC Infect Dis Research BACKGROUND: Meningitis is considered a life-threatening infection with high mortality all over the world. Hemophilus influenzae (H. influenzae) and Streptococcus pneumoniae (S. pneumoniae) are regarded as the two most common infectious agents causing bacterial meningitis. This study aimed to identify H. influenzae and S. pneumoniae serotypes in blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of pediatric patients with meningitis, using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). METHODS: This multi-center cross-sectional study included 284 children with suspected meningitis referred to 4 target hospitals. Overall, 412 samples (128 blood and 284 CSF samples) were obtained from the patients from November 14, 2016 to November 15, 2017. The extracted DNA was examined using multiplex real time PCR to screen for S. pneumoniae and H. influenzae. S. pneumoniae serotyping was also done by multiplex PCR. RESULTS: Out of 284 CSF specimens, 22 were positive for ply S. pneumoniae. Of 20 DNA samples meeting the Quality Control (QC) standards for serotyping, 7 (35%), 6 (30%), 2 (10%), 2 (10%), 2 (10%), 1 (5%), 1 (5%), 1 (5%), 1 (5%) and 1 (5%) were positive for serotypes 3, 11A, 6A, 14, 7C, 23F, 23B, 19A, and 19F and 5, respectively. Overall, nine samples were positive for two serotypes, of whom 3 and 11A were the most common from Tehran province. Of note, one of these CSF samples showed a new co-infection with serotypes 7C and 14. Also, 6 samples (30%) were positive for H. influenzae detected by bexA primer. None of the blood samples were positive for S. pneumoniae or H. influenzae. CONCLUSION: Co-infection with S. pneumoniae serotypes can occur in bacterial meningitis and it might be missed if all serotypes are not evaluated in CSF specimens. BioMed Central 2022-07-18 /pmc/articles/PMC9290261/ /pubmed/35850636 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12879-022-07606-w Text en © The Author(s) 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) ) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.
spellingShingle Research
Tabatabaei, Sedigheh Rafiei
Shamshiri, Ahmadreza
Azimi, Leila
Nazari-Alam, Ali
Karimi, Abdollah
Mirjavadi, Seyed Alireza
Tariverdi, Marjan
Co-infection with dual Streptococcus pneumoniae serotypes as a cause of pediatric bacterial meningitis in Iran: a multi-center cross-sectional study
title Co-infection with dual Streptococcus pneumoniae serotypes as a cause of pediatric bacterial meningitis in Iran: a multi-center cross-sectional study
title_full Co-infection with dual Streptococcus pneumoniae serotypes as a cause of pediatric bacterial meningitis in Iran: a multi-center cross-sectional study
title_fullStr Co-infection with dual Streptococcus pneumoniae serotypes as a cause of pediatric bacterial meningitis in Iran: a multi-center cross-sectional study
title_full_unstemmed Co-infection with dual Streptococcus pneumoniae serotypes as a cause of pediatric bacterial meningitis in Iran: a multi-center cross-sectional study
title_short Co-infection with dual Streptococcus pneumoniae serotypes as a cause of pediatric bacterial meningitis in Iran: a multi-center cross-sectional study
title_sort co-infection with dual streptococcus pneumoniae serotypes as a cause of pediatric bacterial meningitis in iran: a multi-center cross-sectional study
topic Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9290261/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35850636
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12879-022-07606-w
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