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Non-Solvent Induced Phase Separation Enables Designer Redox Flow Battery Electrodes

Porous carbonaceous electrodes are performance-defining components in redox flow batteries (RFBs), where their properties impact the efficiency, cost, and durability of the system. The overarching challenge is to simultaneously fulfill multiple seemingly contradictory requirements—i.e., high surface...

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Autores principales: Wan, Charles Tai-Chieh, Jacquemond, Rémy Richard, Chiang, Yet-Ming, Nijmeijer, Kitty, Brushett, Fikile R., Forner-Cuenca, Antoni
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9290313/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33650154
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adma.202006716
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author Wan, Charles Tai-Chieh
Jacquemond, Rémy Richard
Chiang, Yet-Ming
Nijmeijer, Kitty
Brushett, Fikile R.
Forner-Cuenca, Antoni
author_facet Wan, Charles Tai-Chieh
Jacquemond, Rémy Richard
Chiang, Yet-Ming
Nijmeijer, Kitty
Brushett, Fikile R.
Forner-Cuenca, Antoni
author_sort Wan, Charles Tai-Chieh
collection PubMed
description Porous carbonaceous electrodes are performance-defining components in redox flow batteries (RFBs), where their properties impact the efficiency, cost, and durability of the system. The overarching challenge is to simultaneously fulfill multiple seemingly contradictory requirements—i.e., high surface area, low pressure drop, and facile mass transport—without sacrificing scalability or manufacturability. Here, non-solvent induced phase separation (NIPS) is proposed as a versatile method to synthesize tunable porous structures suitable for use as RFB electrodes. The variation of the relative concentration of scaffold-forming polyacrylonitrile to pore-forming poly(vinylpyrrolidone) is demonstrated to result in electrodes with distinct microstructure and porosity. Tomographic microscopy, porosimetry, and spectroscopy are used to characterize the 3D structure and surface chemistry. Flow cell studies with two common redox species (i.e., all-vanadium and Fe(2+/3+)) reveal that the novel electrodes can outperform traditional carbon fiber electrodes. It is posited that the bimodal porous structure, with interconnected large (>50 μm) macrovoids in the through-plane direction and smaller (<5 μm) pores throughout, provides a favorable balance between offsetting traits. Although nascent, the NIPS synthesis approach has the potential to serve as a technology platform for the development of porous electrodes specifically designed to enable electrochemical flow technologies.
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spelling pubmed-92903132022-07-18 Non-Solvent Induced Phase Separation Enables Designer Redox Flow Battery Electrodes Wan, Charles Tai-Chieh Jacquemond, Rémy Richard Chiang, Yet-Ming Nijmeijer, Kitty Brushett, Fikile R. Forner-Cuenca, Antoni Adv Mater Article Porous carbonaceous electrodes are performance-defining components in redox flow batteries (RFBs), where their properties impact the efficiency, cost, and durability of the system. The overarching challenge is to simultaneously fulfill multiple seemingly contradictory requirements—i.e., high surface area, low pressure drop, and facile mass transport—without sacrificing scalability or manufacturability. Here, non-solvent induced phase separation (NIPS) is proposed as a versatile method to synthesize tunable porous structures suitable for use as RFB electrodes. The variation of the relative concentration of scaffold-forming polyacrylonitrile to pore-forming poly(vinylpyrrolidone) is demonstrated to result in electrodes with distinct microstructure and porosity. Tomographic microscopy, porosimetry, and spectroscopy are used to characterize the 3D structure and surface chemistry. Flow cell studies with two common redox species (i.e., all-vanadium and Fe(2+/3+)) reveal that the novel electrodes can outperform traditional carbon fiber electrodes. It is posited that the bimodal porous structure, with interconnected large (>50 μm) macrovoids in the through-plane direction and smaller (<5 μm) pores throughout, provides a favorable balance between offsetting traits. Although nascent, the NIPS synthesis approach has the potential to serve as a technology platform for the development of porous electrodes specifically designed to enable electrochemical flow technologies. 2021-04 2021-03-02 /pmc/articles/PMC9290313/ /pubmed/33650154 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adma.202006716 Text en https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and re-production in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Article
Wan, Charles Tai-Chieh
Jacquemond, Rémy Richard
Chiang, Yet-Ming
Nijmeijer, Kitty
Brushett, Fikile R.
Forner-Cuenca, Antoni
Non-Solvent Induced Phase Separation Enables Designer Redox Flow Battery Electrodes
title Non-Solvent Induced Phase Separation Enables Designer Redox Flow Battery Electrodes
title_full Non-Solvent Induced Phase Separation Enables Designer Redox Flow Battery Electrodes
title_fullStr Non-Solvent Induced Phase Separation Enables Designer Redox Flow Battery Electrodes
title_full_unstemmed Non-Solvent Induced Phase Separation Enables Designer Redox Flow Battery Electrodes
title_short Non-Solvent Induced Phase Separation Enables Designer Redox Flow Battery Electrodes
title_sort non-solvent induced phase separation enables designer redox flow battery electrodes
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9290313/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33650154
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adma.202006716
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