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The lymphatic vasculature: An active and dynamic player in cancer progression

The lymphatic vasculature has been widely described and explored for its key functions in fluid homeostasis and in the organization and modulation of the immune response. Besides transporting immune cells, lymphatic vessels play relevant roles in tumor growth and tumor cell dissemination. Cancer cel...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Rezzola, Sara, Sigmund, Elena C., Halin, Cornelia, Ronca, Roberto
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9291933/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34486138
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/med.21855
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author Rezzola, Sara
Sigmund, Elena C.
Halin, Cornelia
Ronca, Roberto
author_facet Rezzola, Sara
Sigmund, Elena C.
Halin, Cornelia
Ronca, Roberto
author_sort Rezzola, Sara
collection PubMed
description The lymphatic vasculature has been widely described and explored for its key functions in fluid homeostasis and in the organization and modulation of the immune response. Besides transporting immune cells, lymphatic vessels play relevant roles in tumor growth and tumor cell dissemination. Cancer cells that have invaded into afferent lymphatics are propagated to tumor‐draining lymph nodes (LNs), which represent an important hub for metastatic cell arrest and growth, immune modulation, and secondary dissemination to distant sites. In recent years many studies have reported new mechanisms by which the lymphatic vasculature affects cancer progression, ranging from induction of lymphangiogenesis to metastatic niche preconditioning or immune modulation. In this review, we provide an up‐to‐date description of lymphatic organization and function in peripheral tissues and in LNs and the changes induced to this system by tumor growth and progression. We will specifically focus on the reported interactions that occur between tumor cells and lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs), as well as on interactions between immune cells and LECs, both in the tumor microenvironment and in tumor‐draining LNs. Moreover, the most recent prognostic and therapeutic implications of lymphatics in cancer will be reported and discussed in light of the new immune‐modulatory roles that have been ascribed to LECs.
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spelling pubmed-92919332022-07-20 The lymphatic vasculature: An active and dynamic player in cancer progression Rezzola, Sara Sigmund, Elena C. Halin, Cornelia Ronca, Roberto Med Res Rev Review Articles The lymphatic vasculature has been widely described and explored for its key functions in fluid homeostasis and in the organization and modulation of the immune response. Besides transporting immune cells, lymphatic vessels play relevant roles in tumor growth and tumor cell dissemination. Cancer cells that have invaded into afferent lymphatics are propagated to tumor‐draining lymph nodes (LNs), which represent an important hub for metastatic cell arrest and growth, immune modulation, and secondary dissemination to distant sites. In recent years many studies have reported new mechanisms by which the lymphatic vasculature affects cancer progression, ranging from induction of lymphangiogenesis to metastatic niche preconditioning or immune modulation. In this review, we provide an up‐to‐date description of lymphatic organization and function in peripheral tissues and in LNs and the changes induced to this system by tumor growth and progression. We will specifically focus on the reported interactions that occur between tumor cells and lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs), as well as on interactions between immune cells and LECs, both in the tumor microenvironment and in tumor‐draining LNs. Moreover, the most recent prognostic and therapeutic implications of lymphatics in cancer will be reported and discussed in light of the new immune‐modulatory roles that have been ascribed to LECs. John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2021-09-05 2022-01 /pmc/articles/PMC9291933/ /pubmed/34486138 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/med.21855 Text en © 2021 The Authors. Medicinal Research Reviews published by Wiley Periodicals LLC. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited and is not used for commercial purposes.
spellingShingle Review Articles
Rezzola, Sara
Sigmund, Elena C.
Halin, Cornelia
Ronca, Roberto
The lymphatic vasculature: An active and dynamic player in cancer progression
title The lymphatic vasculature: An active and dynamic player in cancer progression
title_full The lymphatic vasculature: An active and dynamic player in cancer progression
title_fullStr The lymphatic vasculature: An active and dynamic player in cancer progression
title_full_unstemmed The lymphatic vasculature: An active and dynamic player in cancer progression
title_short The lymphatic vasculature: An active and dynamic player in cancer progression
title_sort lymphatic vasculature: an active and dynamic player in cancer progression
topic Review Articles
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9291933/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34486138
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/med.21855
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