Cargando…

Sequence determinants as key regulators in gene expression of T cells

T cell homeostasis, T cell differentiation, and T cell effector function rely on the constant fine‐tuning of gene expression. To alter the T cell state, substantial remodeling of the proteome is required. This remodeling depends on the intricate interplay of regulatory mechanisms, including post‐tra...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Nicolet, Benoit P., Zandhuis, Nordin D., Lattanzio, V. Maria, Wolkers, Monika C.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9292449/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34486113
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/imr.13021
_version_ 1784749374438375424
author Nicolet, Benoit P.
Zandhuis, Nordin D.
Lattanzio, V. Maria
Wolkers, Monika C.
author_facet Nicolet, Benoit P.
Zandhuis, Nordin D.
Lattanzio, V. Maria
Wolkers, Monika C.
author_sort Nicolet, Benoit P.
collection PubMed
description T cell homeostasis, T cell differentiation, and T cell effector function rely on the constant fine‐tuning of gene expression. To alter the T cell state, substantial remodeling of the proteome is required. This remodeling depends on the intricate interplay of regulatory mechanisms, including post‐transcriptional gene regulation. In this review, we discuss how the sequence of a transcript influences these post‐transcriptional events. In particular, we review how sequence determinants such as sequence conservation, GC content, and chemical modifications define the levels of the mRNA and the protein in a T cell. We describe the effect of different forms of alternative splicing on mRNA expression and protein production, and their effect on subcellular localization. In addition, we discuss the role of sequences and structures as binding hubs for miRNAs and RNA‐binding proteins in T cells. The review thus highlights how the intimate interplay of post‐transcriptional mechanisms dictate cellular fate decisions in T cells.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-9292449
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2021
publisher John Wiley and Sons Inc.
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-92924492022-07-20 Sequence determinants as key regulators in gene expression of T cells Nicolet, Benoit P. Zandhuis, Nordin D. Lattanzio, V. Maria Wolkers, Monika C. Immunol Rev Invited Reviews T cell homeostasis, T cell differentiation, and T cell effector function rely on the constant fine‐tuning of gene expression. To alter the T cell state, substantial remodeling of the proteome is required. This remodeling depends on the intricate interplay of regulatory mechanisms, including post‐transcriptional gene regulation. In this review, we discuss how the sequence of a transcript influences these post‐transcriptional events. In particular, we review how sequence determinants such as sequence conservation, GC content, and chemical modifications define the levels of the mRNA and the protein in a T cell. We describe the effect of different forms of alternative splicing on mRNA expression and protein production, and their effect on subcellular localization. In addition, we discuss the role of sequences and structures as binding hubs for miRNAs and RNA‐binding proteins in T cells. The review thus highlights how the intimate interplay of post‐transcriptional mechanisms dictate cellular fate decisions in T cells. John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2021-09-05 2021-11 /pmc/articles/PMC9292449/ /pubmed/34486113 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/imr.13021 Text en © 2021 The Authors. Immunological Reviews published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non‐commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.
spellingShingle Invited Reviews
Nicolet, Benoit P.
Zandhuis, Nordin D.
Lattanzio, V. Maria
Wolkers, Monika C.
Sequence determinants as key regulators in gene expression of T cells
title Sequence determinants as key regulators in gene expression of T cells
title_full Sequence determinants as key regulators in gene expression of T cells
title_fullStr Sequence determinants as key regulators in gene expression of T cells
title_full_unstemmed Sequence determinants as key regulators in gene expression of T cells
title_short Sequence determinants as key regulators in gene expression of T cells
title_sort sequence determinants as key regulators in gene expression of t cells
topic Invited Reviews
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9292449/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34486113
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/imr.13021
work_keys_str_mv AT nicoletbenoitp sequencedeterminantsaskeyregulatorsingeneexpressionoftcells
AT zandhuisnordind sequencedeterminantsaskeyregulatorsingeneexpressionoftcells
AT lattanziovmaria sequencedeterminantsaskeyregulatorsingeneexpressionoftcells
AT wolkersmonikac sequencedeterminantsaskeyregulatorsingeneexpressionoftcells