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Utility of Serum Growth Arrest-Specific Protein 6 as a Biomarker of Severity and Prognosis After Severe Traumatic Brain Injury: A Prospective Observational Study
OBJECTIVE: Growth arrest-specific protein 6 (Gas6) may harbor protective effects in acute brain injury. This study was designed to determine the relation of serum Gas6 levels to severity and prognosis after traumatic brain injury (TBI). METHODS: In this prospective cohort study of 114 controls and 1...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Dove
2022
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9293383/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35859802 http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/NDT.S372904 |
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author | Ni, Bu-Kao Cai, Jian-Yong Wang, Xiao-Bo Lin, Qun Zhang, Xue-Na Wu, Jian-Hua |
author_facet | Ni, Bu-Kao Cai, Jian-Yong Wang, Xiao-Bo Lin, Qun Zhang, Xue-Na Wu, Jian-Hua |
author_sort | Ni, Bu-Kao |
collection | PubMed |
description | OBJECTIVE: Growth arrest-specific protein 6 (Gas6) may harbor protective effects in acute brain injury. This study was designed to determine the relation of serum Gas6 levels to severity and prognosis after traumatic brain injury (TBI). METHODS: In this prospective cohort study of 114 controls and 114 patients with severe TBI, multivariate analysis was used to assess relationships between serum Gas6 levels, Glasgow coma scale (GCS) score, Rotterdam computed tomography (CT) score, postinjury 180-day mortality, overall survival and poor prognosis (Extended Glasgow outcome scale score 1–4). RESULTS: Significantly increased serum Gas6 levels of patients (median, 10.3 ng/mL versus 32.5 ng/mL; P < 0.001), as compared with controls, were independently correlated with Rotterdam CT score (t = 3.629, P < 0.001) and GCS score (t=−3.393, P = 0.001), and independently predicted 180-day mortality (odds ratio, 1.078; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.007–1.154), overall survival (hazard ratio, 1.074; 95% CI, 1.012–1.139) and poor prognosis (odds ratio, 1.129; 95% CI, 1.059–1.205). Areas under receiver operating characteristic curve (AUCs) of serum Gas6 levels for discriminating risks of 180-day mortality and poor prognosis were 0.785 (95% CI, 0.699–0.857) and 0.793 (95% CI, 0.707–0.863), respectively; and serum Gas6 levels above 30.9 ng/mL and 28.3 ng/mL predicted 180-day mortality and poor prognosis with maximum Youden indices of 0.451 and 0.468, respectively. The predictive ability of serum Gas6 levels for mortality was similar to those of GCS score (AUC, 0.833; 95% CI, 0.751–0.896; P = 0.286) and Rotterdam CT score (AUC, 0.823; 95% CI, 0.740–0.888; P = 0.432). The discriminatory capability of serum Gas6 levels for the risk of poor prognosis was in the range of GCS score (AUC, 0.846; 95% CI, 0.766–0.906; P = 0.178) and Rotterdam CT score (AUC, 0.831; 95% CI, 0.750–0.895; P = 0.368). CONCLUSION: Serum Gas6 may appear as a promising biochemical parameter for aiding in the assessment of trauma severity and prediction of prognosis among patients with severe TBI. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9293383 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Dove |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-92933832022-07-19 Utility of Serum Growth Arrest-Specific Protein 6 as a Biomarker of Severity and Prognosis After Severe Traumatic Brain Injury: A Prospective Observational Study Ni, Bu-Kao Cai, Jian-Yong Wang, Xiao-Bo Lin, Qun Zhang, Xue-Na Wu, Jian-Hua Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat Original Research OBJECTIVE: Growth arrest-specific protein 6 (Gas6) may harbor protective effects in acute brain injury. This study was designed to determine the relation of serum Gas6 levels to severity and prognosis after traumatic brain injury (TBI). METHODS: In this prospective cohort study of 114 controls and 114 patients with severe TBI, multivariate analysis was used to assess relationships between serum Gas6 levels, Glasgow coma scale (GCS) score, Rotterdam computed tomography (CT) score, postinjury 180-day mortality, overall survival and poor prognosis (Extended Glasgow outcome scale score 1–4). RESULTS: Significantly increased serum Gas6 levels of patients (median, 10.3 ng/mL versus 32.5 ng/mL; P < 0.001), as compared with controls, were independently correlated with Rotterdam CT score (t = 3.629, P < 0.001) and GCS score (t=−3.393, P = 0.001), and independently predicted 180-day mortality (odds ratio, 1.078; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.007–1.154), overall survival (hazard ratio, 1.074; 95% CI, 1.012–1.139) and poor prognosis (odds ratio, 1.129; 95% CI, 1.059–1.205). Areas under receiver operating characteristic curve (AUCs) of serum Gas6 levels for discriminating risks of 180-day mortality and poor prognosis were 0.785 (95% CI, 0.699–0.857) and 0.793 (95% CI, 0.707–0.863), respectively; and serum Gas6 levels above 30.9 ng/mL and 28.3 ng/mL predicted 180-day mortality and poor prognosis with maximum Youden indices of 0.451 and 0.468, respectively. The predictive ability of serum Gas6 levels for mortality was similar to those of GCS score (AUC, 0.833; 95% CI, 0.751–0.896; P = 0.286) and Rotterdam CT score (AUC, 0.823; 95% CI, 0.740–0.888; P = 0.432). The discriminatory capability of serum Gas6 levels for the risk of poor prognosis was in the range of GCS score (AUC, 0.846; 95% CI, 0.766–0.906; P = 0.178) and Rotterdam CT score (AUC, 0.831; 95% CI, 0.750–0.895; P = 0.368). CONCLUSION: Serum Gas6 may appear as a promising biochemical parameter for aiding in the assessment of trauma severity and prediction of prognosis among patients with severe TBI. Dove 2022-07-14 /pmc/articles/PMC9293383/ /pubmed/35859802 http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/NDT.S372904 Text en © 2022 Ni et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/This work is published and licensed by Dove Medical Press Limited. The full terms of this license are available at https://www.dovepress.com/terms.php and incorporate the Creative Commons Attribution – Non Commercial (unported, v3.0) License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) ). By accessing the work you hereby accept the Terms. Non-commercial uses of the work are permitted without any further permission from Dove Medical Press Limited, provided the work is properly attributed. For permission for commercial use of this work, please see paragraphs 4.2 and 5 of our Terms (https://www.dovepress.com/terms.php). |
spellingShingle | Original Research Ni, Bu-Kao Cai, Jian-Yong Wang, Xiao-Bo Lin, Qun Zhang, Xue-Na Wu, Jian-Hua Utility of Serum Growth Arrest-Specific Protein 6 as a Biomarker of Severity and Prognosis After Severe Traumatic Brain Injury: A Prospective Observational Study |
title | Utility of Serum Growth Arrest-Specific Protein 6 as a Biomarker of Severity and Prognosis After Severe Traumatic Brain Injury: A Prospective Observational Study |
title_full | Utility of Serum Growth Arrest-Specific Protein 6 as a Biomarker of Severity and Prognosis After Severe Traumatic Brain Injury: A Prospective Observational Study |
title_fullStr | Utility of Serum Growth Arrest-Specific Protein 6 as a Biomarker of Severity and Prognosis After Severe Traumatic Brain Injury: A Prospective Observational Study |
title_full_unstemmed | Utility of Serum Growth Arrest-Specific Protein 6 as a Biomarker of Severity and Prognosis After Severe Traumatic Brain Injury: A Prospective Observational Study |
title_short | Utility of Serum Growth Arrest-Specific Protein 6 as a Biomarker of Severity and Prognosis After Severe Traumatic Brain Injury: A Prospective Observational Study |
title_sort | utility of serum growth arrest-specific protein 6 as a biomarker of severity and prognosis after severe traumatic brain injury: a prospective observational study |
topic | Original Research |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9293383/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35859802 http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/NDT.S372904 |
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