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Sub‐maximal aerobic exercise training reduces haematocrit and ameliorates symptoms in Andean highlanders with chronic mountain sickness
NEW FINDINGS: What is the central question of this study? What is the effect of sub‐maximal aerobic exercise training on signs and symptoms of chronic mountain sickness (CMS) in Andean highlanders? What is the main finding and its importance? Aerobic exercise training (ET) effectively reduces haemat...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
John Wiley and Sons Inc.
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9293431/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34555237 http://dx.doi.org/10.1113/EP089975 |
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author | Macarlupú, José Luis Vizcardo‐Galindo, Gustavo Figueroa‐Mujíca, Rómulo Voituron, Nicolas Richalet, Jean‐Paul Villafuerte, Francisco C. |
author_facet | Macarlupú, José Luis Vizcardo‐Galindo, Gustavo Figueroa‐Mujíca, Rómulo Voituron, Nicolas Richalet, Jean‐Paul Villafuerte, Francisco C. |
author_sort | Macarlupú, José Luis |
collection | PubMed |
description | NEW FINDINGS: What is the central question of this study? What is the effect of sub‐maximal aerobic exercise training on signs and symptoms of chronic mountain sickness (CMS) in Andean highlanders? What is the main finding and its importance? Aerobic exercise training (ET) effectively reduces haematocrit, ameliorates symptoms and improves aerobic capacity in CMS patients, suggesting that a regular aerobic ET programme might be used as a low‐cost non‐invasive/non‐pharmacological management strategy of this syndrome. ABSTRACT: Excessive erythrocytosis is the hallmark sign of chronic mountain sickness (CMS), a debilitating syndrome associated with neurological symptoms and increased cardiovascular risk. We have shown that unlike sedentary residents at the same altitude, trained individuals maintain haematocrit within sea‐level range, and thus we hypothesise that aerobic exercise training (ET) might reduce excessive haematocrit and ameliorate CMS signs and symptoms. Eight highlander men (38 ± 12 years) with CMS (haematocrit: 70.6 ± 1.9%, CMS score: 8.8 ± 1.4) from Cerro de Pasco, Peru (4340 m) participated in the study. Baseline assessment included haematocrit, CMS score, pulse oximetry, maximal cardiopulmonary exercise testing and in‐office plus 24 h ambulatory blood pressure (BP) monitoring. Blood samples were collected to assess cardiometabolic, erythropoietic, and haemolysis markers. ET consisted of pedalling exercise in a cycloergometer at 60% of [Formula: see text] for 1 h/day, 4 days/week for 8 weeks, and participants were assessed at weeks 4 and 8. Haematocrit and CMS score decreased significantly by week 8 (to 65.6 ± 6.6%, and 3.5 ± 0.8, respectively, P < 0.05), while [Formula: see text] and maximum workload increased with ET (33.8 ± 2.4 vs. 37.2 ± 2.0 ml/min/kg, P < 0.05; and 172.5 ± 9.4 vs. 210.0 ± 27.8 W, P < 0.01; respectively). Except for an increase in high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol, other blood markers and BP showed no differences. Our results suggest that reduction of haematocrit and CMS symptoms results mainly from haemodilution due to plasma volume expansion rather than to haemolysis. In conclusion, we show that ET can effectively reduce haematocrit, ameliorate symptoms and improve aerobic capacity in CMS patients, suggesting that regular aerobic exercise might be used as a low‐cost non‐invasive and non‐pharmacological management strategy. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9293431 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | John Wiley and Sons Inc. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-92934312022-07-20 Sub‐maximal aerobic exercise training reduces haematocrit and ameliorates symptoms in Andean highlanders with chronic mountain sickness Macarlupú, José Luis Vizcardo‐Galindo, Gustavo Figueroa‐Mujíca, Rómulo Voituron, Nicolas Richalet, Jean‐Paul Villafuerte, Francisco C. Exp Physiol Research Papers NEW FINDINGS: What is the central question of this study? What is the effect of sub‐maximal aerobic exercise training on signs and symptoms of chronic mountain sickness (CMS) in Andean highlanders? What is the main finding and its importance? Aerobic exercise training (ET) effectively reduces haematocrit, ameliorates symptoms and improves aerobic capacity in CMS patients, suggesting that a regular aerobic ET programme might be used as a low‐cost non‐invasive/non‐pharmacological management strategy of this syndrome. ABSTRACT: Excessive erythrocytosis is the hallmark sign of chronic mountain sickness (CMS), a debilitating syndrome associated with neurological symptoms and increased cardiovascular risk. We have shown that unlike sedentary residents at the same altitude, trained individuals maintain haematocrit within sea‐level range, and thus we hypothesise that aerobic exercise training (ET) might reduce excessive haematocrit and ameliorate CMS signs and symptoms. Eight highlander men (38 ± 12 years) with CMS (haematocrit: 70.6 ± 1.9%, CMS score: 8.8 ± 1.4) from Cerro de Pasco, Peru (4340 m) participated in the study. Baseline assessment included haematocrit, CMS score, pulse oximetry, maximal cardiopulmonary exercise testing and in‐office plus 24 h ambulatory blood pressure (BP) monitoring. Blood samples were collected to assess cardiometabolic, erythropoietic, and haemolysis markers. ET consisted of pedalling exercise in a cycloergometer at 60% of [Formula: see text] for 1 h/day, 4 days/week for 8 weeks, and participants were assessed at weeks 4 and 8. Haematocrit and CMS score decreased significantly by week 8 (to 65.6 ± 6.6%, and 3.5 ± 0.8, respectively, P < 0.05), while [Formula: see text] and maximum workload increased with ET (33.8 ± 2.4 vs. 37.2 ± 2.0 ml/min/kg, P < 0.05; and 172.5 ± 9.4 vs. 210.0 ± 27.8 W, P < 0.01; respectively). Except for an increase in high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol, other blood markers and BP showed no differences. Our results suggest that reduction of haematocrit and CMS symptoms results mainly from haemodilution due to plasma volume expansion rather than to haemolysis. In conclusion, we show that ET can effectively reduce haematocrit, ameliorate symptoms and improve aerobic capacity in CMS patients, suggesting that regular aerobic exercise might be used as a low‐cost non‐invasive and non‐pharmacological management strategy. John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2021-09-30 2021-11-01 /pmc/articles/PMC9293431/ /pubmed/34555237 http://dx.doi.org/10.1113/EP089975 Text en © 2021 The Authors. Experimental Physiology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of The Physiological Society https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Research Papers Macarlupú, José Luis Vizcardo‐Galindo, Gustavo Figueroa‐Mujíca, Rómulo Voituron, Nicolas Richalet, Jean‐Paul Villafuerte, Francisco C. Sub‐maximal aerobic exercise training reduces haematocrit and ameliorates symptoms in Andean highlanders with chronic mountain sickness |
title | Sub‐maximal aerobic exercise training reduces haematocrit and ameliorates symptoms in Andean highlanders with chronic mountain sickness |
title_full | Sub‐maximal aerobic exercise training reduces haematocrit and ameliorates symptoms in Andean highlanders with chronic mountain sickness |
title_fullStr | Sub‐maximal aerobic exercise training reduces haematocrit and ameliorates symptoms in Andean highlanders with chronic mountain sickness |
title_full_unstemmed | Sub‐maximal aerobic exercise training reduces haematocrit and ameliorates symptoms in Andean highlanders with chronic mountain sickness |
title_short | Sub‐maximal aerobic exercise training reduces haematocrit and ameliorates symptoms in Andean highlanders with chronic mountain sickness |
title_sort | sub‐maximal aerobic exercise training reduces haematocrit and ameliorates symptoms in andean highlanders with chronic mountain sickness |
topic | Research Papers |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9293431/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34555237 http://dx.doi.org/10.1113/EP089975 |
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