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CoVITEST: A Fast and Reliable Method to Monitor Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Specific T Cells From Whole Blood

Cellular and humoral immune responses are essential for COVID-19 recovery and protection against SARS-CoV-2 reinfection. To date, the evaluation of SARS-CoV-2 immune protection has mainly focused on antibody detection, generally disregarding the cellular response, or placing it in a secondary positi...

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Autores principales: Egri, Natalia, Olivé, Victoria, Hernández-Rodríguez, José, Castro, Pedro, De Guzman, Catherine, Heredia, Libertad, Segura, Ana Castellet, Fernandez, M. Dolores, de Moner, Noemi, Torradeflot, María, Ballús, Judit, Martinez, Robert, Vazquez, Mario, Costa, Marta Vidal, Dobaño, Carlota, Mazza, Massimiliano, Mazzotti, Lucia, Pascal, Mariona, Juan, Manel, González-Navarro, Europa Azucena, Calderón, Hugo
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9295597/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35865538
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.848586
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author Egri, Natalia
Olivé, Victoria
Hernández-Rodríguez, José
Castro, Pedro
De Guzman, Catherine
Heredia, Libertad
Segura, Ana Castellet
Fernandez, M. Dolores
de Moner, Noemi
Torradeflot, María
Ballús, Judit
Martinez, Robert
Vazquez, Mario
Costa, Marta Vidal
Dobaño, Carlota
Mazza, Massimiliano
Mazzotti, Lucia
Pascal, Mariona
Juan, Manel
González-Navarro, Europa Azucena
Calderón, Hugo
author_facet Egri, Natalia
Olivé, Victoria
Hernández-Rodríguez, José
Castro, Pedro
De Guzman, Catherine
Heredia, Libertad
Segura, Ana Castellet
Fernandez, M. Dolores
de Moner, Noemi
Torradeflot, María
Ballús, Judit
Martinez, Robert
Vazquez, Mario
Costa, Marta Vidal
Dobaño, Carlota
Mazza, Massimiliano
Mazzotti, Lucia
Pascal, Mariona
Juan, Manel
González-Navarro, Europa Azucena
Calderón, Hugo
author_sort Egri, Natalia
collection PubMed
description Cellular and humoral immune responses are essential for COVID-19 recovery and protection against SARS-CoV-2 reinfection. To date, the evaluation of SARS-CoV-2 immune protection has mainly focused on antibody detection, generally disregarding the cellular response, or placing it in a secondary position. This phenomenon may be explained by the complex nature of the assays needed to analyze cellular immunity compared with the technically simple and automated detection of antibodies. Nevertheless, a large body of evidence supports the relevance of the T cell’s role in protection against SARS-CoV-2, especially in vulnerable individuals with a weakened immune system (such as the population over 65 and patients with immunodeficiencies). Here we propose to use CoVITEST (Covid19 anti-Viral Immunity based on T cells for Evaluation in a Simple Test), a fast, affordable and accessible in-house assay that, together with a diagnostic matrix, allows us to determine those patients who might be protected with SARS-CoV-2-reactive T cells. The method was established using healthy SARS-CoV-2-naïve donors pre- and post-vaccination (n=30), and further validated with convalescent COVID-19 donors (n=51) in a side-by-side comparison with the gold standard IFN-γ ELISpot. We demonstrated that our CoVITEST presented reliable and comparable results to those obtained with the ELISpot technique in a considerably shorter time (less than 8 hours). In conclusion, we present a simple but reliable assay to determine cellular immunity against SARS-CoV-2 that can be used routinely during this pandemic to monitor the immune status in vulnerable patients and thereby adjust their therapeutic approaches. This method might indeed help to optimize and improve decision-making protocols for re-vaccination against SARS-CoV-2, at least for some population subsets.
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spelling pubmed-92955972022-07-20 CoVITEST: A Fast and Reliable Method to Monitor Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Specific T Cells From Whole Blood Egri, Natalia Olivé, Victoria Hernández-Rodríguez, José Castro, Pedro De Guzman, Catherine Heredia, Libertad Segura, Ana Castellet Fernandez, M. Dolores de Moner, Noemi Torradeflot, María Ballús, Judit Martinez, Robert Vazquez, Mario Costa, Marta Vidal Dobaño, Carlota Mazza, Massimiliano Mazzotti, Lucia Pascal, Mariona Juan, Manel González-Navarro, Europa Azucena Calderón, Hugo Front Immunol Immunology Cellular and humoral immune responses are essential for COVID-19 recovery and protection against SARS-CoV-2 reinfection. To date, the evaluation of SARS-CoV-2 immune protection has mainly focused on antibody detection, generally disregarding the cellular response, or placing it in a secondary position. This phenomenon may be explained by the complex nature of the assays needed to analyze cellular immunity compared with the technically simple and automated detection of antibodies. Nevertheless, a large body of evidence supports the relevance of the T cell’s role in protection against SARS-CoV-2, especially in vulnerable individuals with a weakened immune system (such as the population over 65 and patients with immunodeficiencies). Here we propose to use CoVITEST (Covid19 anti-Viral Immunity based on T cells for Evaluation in a Simple Test), a fast, affordable and accessible in-house assay that, together with a diagnostic matrix, allows us to determine those patients who might be protected with SARS-CoV-2-reactive T cells. The method was established using healthy SARS-CoV-2-naïve donors pre- and post-vaccination (n=30), and further validated with convalescent COVID-19 donors (n=51) in a side-by-side comparison with the gold standard IFN-γ ELISpot. We demonstrated that our CoVITEST presented reliable and comparable results to those obtained with the ELISpot technique in a considerably shorter time (less than 8 hours). In conclusion, we present a simple but reliable assay to determine cellular immunity against SARS-CoV-2 that can be used routinely during this pandemic to monitor the immune status in vulnerable patients and thereby adjust their therapeutic approaches. This method might indeed help to optimize and improve decision-making protocols for re-vaccination against SARS-CoV-2, at least for some population subsets. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-07-05 /pmc/articles/PMC9295597/ /pubmed/35865538 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.848586 Text en Copyright © 2022 Egri, Olivé, Hernández-Rodríguez, Castro, De Guzman, Heredia, Segura, Fernandez, de Moner, Torradeflot, Ballús, Martinez, Vazquez, Costa, Dobaño, Mazza, Mazzotti, Pascal, Juan, González-Navarro and Calderón https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Immunology
Egri, Natalia
Olivé, Victoria
Hernández-Rodríguez, José
Castro, Pedro
De Guzman, Catherine
Heredia, Libertad
Segura, Ana Castellet
Fernandez, M. Dolores
de Moner, Noemi
Torradeflot, María
Ballús, Judit
Martinez, Robert
Vazquez, Mario
Costa, Marta Vidal
Dobaño, Carlota
Mazza, Massimiliano
Mazzotti, Lucia
Pascal, Mariona
Juan, Manel
González-Navarro, Europa Azucena
Calderón, Hugo
CoVITEST: A Fast and Reliable Method to Monitor Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Specific T Cells From Whole Blood
title CoVITEST: A Fast and Reliable Method to Monitor Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Specific T Cells From Whole Blood
title_full CoVITEST: A Fast and Reliable Method to Monitor Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Specific T Cells From Whole Blood
title_fullStr CoVITEST: A Fast and Reliable Method to Monitor Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Specific T Cells From Whole Blood
title_full_unstemmed CoVITEST: A Fast and Reliable Method to Monitor Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Specific T Cells From Whole Blood
title_short CoVITEST: A Fast and Reliable Method to Monitor Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Specific T Cells From Whole Blood
title_sort covitest: a fast and reliable method to monitor anti-sars-cov-2 specific t cells from whole blood
topic Immunology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9295597/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35865538
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.848586
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