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Developmental exposure to the brominated flame retardant DE-71 reduces serum thyroid hormones in rats without hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis activation or neurobehavioral changes in offspring
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are legacy flame retardants for which human exposure remains ubiquitous. This is of concern since these chemicals can perturb development and cause adverse health effects. For instance, DE-71, a technical mixture of PBDEs, can induce liver toxicity as well as r...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Public Library of Science
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9295973/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35853081 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0271614 |
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author | Ramhøj, Louise Svingen, Terje Mandrup, Karen Hass, Ulla Lund, Søren Peter Vinggaard, Anne Marie Hougaard, Karin Sørig Axelstad, Marta |
author_facet | Ramhøj, Louise Svingen, Terje Mandrup, Karen Hass, Ulla Lund, Søren Peter Vinggaard, Anne Marie Hougaard, Karin Sørig Axelstad, Marta |
author_sort | Ramhøj, Louise |
collection | PubMed |
description | Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are legacy flame retardants for which human exposure remains ubiquitous. This is of concern since these chemicals can perturb development and cause adverse health effects. For instance, DE-71, a technical mixture of PBDEs, can induce liver toxicity as well as reproductive and developmental toxicity. DE-71 can also disrupt the thyroid hormone (TH) system which may induce developmental neurotoxicity indirectly. However, in developmental toxicity studies, it remains unclear how DE-71 exposure affects the offspring’s thyroid hormone system and if this dose-dependently relates to neurodevelopmental effects. To address this, we performed a rat toxicity study by exposing pregnant dams to DE-71 at 0, 40 or 60 mg/kg/day during perinatal development from gestational day 7 to postnatal day 16. We assessed the TH system in both dams and their offspring, as well as potential hearing and neurodevelopmental effects in prepubertal and adult offspring. DE-71 significantly reduced serum T4 and T3 levels in both dams and offspring without a concomitant upregulation of TSH, thus inducing a hypothyroxinemia-like effect. No discernible effects were observed on the offspring’s brain function when assessed in motor activity boxes and in the Morris water maze, or on offspring hearing function. Our results, together with a thorough review of the literature, suggest that DE-71 does not elicit a clear dose-dependent relationship between low serum thyroxine (T4) and effects on the rat brain in standard behavioral assays. However, low serum TH levels are in themselves believed to be detrimental to human brain development, thus we propose that we lack assays to identify developmental neurotoxicity caused by chemicals disrupting the TH system through various mechanisms. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9295973 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Public Library of Science |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-92959732022-07-20 Developmental exposure to the brominated flame retardant DE-71 reduces serum thyroid hormones in rats without hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis activation or neurobehavioral changes in offspring Ramhøj, Louise Svingen, Terje Mandrup, Karen Hass, Ulla Lund, Søren Peter Vinggaard, Anne Marie Hougaard, Karin Sørig Axelstad, Marta PLoS One Research Article Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are legacy flame retardants for which human exposure remains ubiquitous. This is of concern since these chemicals can perturb development and cause adverse health effects. For instance, DE-71, a technical mixture of PBDEs, can induce liver toxicity as well as reproductive and developmental toxicity. DE-71 can also disrupt the thyroid hormone (TH) system which may induce developmental neurotoxicity indirectly. However, in developmental toxicity studies, it remains unclear how DE-71 exposure affects the offspring’s thyroid hormone system and if this dose-dependently relates to neurodevelopmental effects. To address this, we performed a rat toxicity study by exposing pregnant dams to DE-71 at 0, 40 or 60 mg/kg/day during perinatal development from gestational day 7 to postnatal day 16. We assessed the TH system in both dams and their offspring, as well as potential hearing and neurodevelopmental effects in prepubertal and adult offspring. DE-71 significantly reduced serum T4 and T3 levels in both dams and offspring without a concomitant upregulation of TSH, thus inducing a hypothyroxinemia-like effect. No discernible effects were observed on the offspring’s brain function when assessed in motor activity boxes and in the Morris water maze, or on offspring hearing function. Our results, together with a thorough review of the literature, suggest that DE-71 does not elicit a clear dose-dependent relationship between low serum thyroxine (T4) and effects on the rat brain in standard behavioral assays. However, low serum TH levels are in themselves believed to be detrimental to human brain development, thus we propose that we lack assays to identify developmental neurotoxicity caused by chemicals disrupting the TH system through various mechanisms. Public Library of Science 2022-07-19 /pmc/articles/PMC9295973/ /pubmed/35853081 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0271614 Text en © 2022 Ramhøj et al https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Ramhøj, Louise Svingen, Terje Mandrup, Karen Hass, Ulla Lund, Søren Peter Vinggaard, Anne Marie Hougaard, Karin Sørig Axelstad, Marta Developmental exposure to the brominated flame retardant DE-71 reduces serum thyroid hormones in rats without hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis activation or neurobehavioral changes in offspring |
title | Developmental exposure to the brominated flame retardant DE-71 reduces serum thyroid hormones in rats without hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis activation or neurobehavioral changes in offspring |
title_full | Developmental exposure to the brominated flame retardant DE-71 reduces serum thyroid hormones in rats without hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis activation or neurobehavioral changes in offspring |
title_fullStr | Developmental exposure to the brominated flame retardant DE-71 reduces serum thyroid hormones in rats without hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis activation or neurobehavioral changes in offspring |
title_full_unstemmed | Developmental exposure to the brominated flame retardant DE-71 reduces serum thyroid hormones in rats without hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis activation or neurobehavioral changes in offspring |
title_short | Developmental exposure to the brominated flame retardant DE-71 reduces serum thyroid hormones in rats without hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis activation or neurobehavioral changes in offspring |
title_sort | developmental exposure to the brominated flame retardant de-71 reduces serum thyroid hormones in rats without hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis activation or neurobehavioral changes in offspring |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9295973/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35853081 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0271614 |
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