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Breast Milk Lipidome Is Associated With Maternal Diet and Infants' Growth

OBJECTIVES: The fatty acid (FA) composition of breast milk is a relevant aspect related to the development of the lactating infant. The present study aimed at exploring correlations between dietary intake of macro- and micronutrients with the FA profile in breast milk, and the possible implication f...

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Autores principales: Calvo-Lerma, Joaquim, Selma-Royo, Marta, Hervas, David, Yang, Baoru, Intonen, Linda, González, Sonia, Martínez-Costa, Cecilia, Linderborg, Kaisa M., Collado, Maria Carmen
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9296781/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35873422
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2022.854786
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author Calvo-Lerma, Joaquim
Selma-Royo, Marta
Hervas, David
Yang, Baoru
Intonen, Linda
González, Sonia
Martínez-Costa, Cecilia
Linderborg, Kaisa M.
Collado, Maria Carmen
author_facet Calvo-Lerma, Joaquim
Selma-Royo, Marta
Hervas, David
Yang, Baoru
Intonen, Linda
González, Sonia
Martínez-Costa, Cecilia
Linderborg, Kaisa M.
Collado, Maria Carmen
author_sort Calvo-Lerma, Joaquim
collection PubMed
description OBJECTIVES: The fatty acid (FA) composition of breast milk is a relevant aspect related to the development of the lactating infant. The present study aimed at exploring correlations between dietary intake of macro- and micronutrients with the FA profile in breast milk, and the possible implication for infants' growth. STUDY DESIGN: Breast milk samples from a cohort of lactating women were collected 7–15 days postpartum. The FA profiles in triacylglycerol (TAG) and phospholipid (PL)-rich fractions were analyzed by gas chromatography. Diet was registered during the third trimester of pregnancy by means of a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). In addition, anthropometric measurements of infants were collected from gestation and up to 12 months postpartum. RESULTS: The FA profile in breast milk was characterized by a median of 37.4, 41.3 and 16.8% of saturated, monounsaturated, and polyunsaturated FAs, respectively. From the dietary components, zinc, iron, and B group vitamins were correlated positively with the proportion of total n-3 FAs in TAG and C20:5 n-3 in PL. Lycopene, vitamin E, zinc, and vitamin B2 showed a similar correlation with total polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA), total n-6 FAs, C20:4 n-6, and C18:2 n-6 in TAG. Regarding food groups, nuts showed the strongest association with several PUFA both in TAG and PL, while the vegetable group was also positively associated with C18:3 n-3. Furthermore, the concentration of linolenic acid (C18:3 n-3) and palmitic acid (C16:0) were positively associated with increased length for age (LFA) and weight for age (WFA) at 12 months compared with birth [ΔLFA −0.16 (−0.85, 0.37); ΔWFA −0.26 (−0.77, 0.21)]. CONCLUSIONS: Mothers' intake of nuts, dietary sources of zinc, iron, and B group vitamins were identified as potential predictors of a high-unsaturated FA profile in breast milk. In addition, linolenic and palmitic acids in breast milk were positively associated with infants' growth in the first year of life.
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spelling pubmed-92967812022-07-21 Breast Milk Lipidome Is Associated With Maternal Diet and Infants' Growth Calvo-Lerma, Joaquim Selma-Royo, Marta Hervas, David Yang, Baoru Intonen, Linda González, Sonia Martínez-Costa, Cecilia Linderborg, Kaisa M. Collado, Maria Carmen Front Nutr Nutrition OBJECTIVES: The fatty acid (FA) composition of breast milk is a relevant aspect related to the development of the lactating infant. The present study aimed at exploring correlations between dietary intake of macro- and micronutrients with the FA profile in breast milk, and the possible implication for infants' growth. STUDY DESIGN: Breast milk samples from a cohort of lactating women were collected 7–15 days postpartum. The FA profiles in triacylglycerol (TAG) and phospholipid (PL)-rich fractions were analyzed by gas chromatography. Diet was registered during the third trimester of pregnancy by means of a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). In addition, anthropometric measurements of infants were collected from gestation and up to 12 months postpartum. RESULTS: The FA profile in breast milk was characterized by a median of 37.4, 41.3 and 16.8% of saturated, monounsaturated, and polyunsaturated FAs, respectively. From the dietary components, zinc, iron, and B group vitamins were correlated positively with the proportion of total n-3 FAs in TAG and C20:5 n-3 in PL. Lycopene, vitamin E, zinc, and vitamin B2 showed a similar correlation with total polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA), total n-6 FAs, C20:4 n-6, and C18:2 n-6 in TAG. Regarding food groups, nuts showed the strongest association with several PUFA both in TAG and PL, while the vegetable group was also positively associated with C18:3 n-3. Furthermore, the concentration of linolenic acid (C18:3 n-3) and palmitic acid (C16:0) were positively associated with increased length for age (LFA) and weight for age (WFA) at 12 months compared with birth [ΔLFA −0.16 (−0.85, 0.37); ΔWFA −0.26 (−0.77, 0.21)]. CONCLUSIONS: Mothers' intake of nuts, dietary sources of zinc, iron, and B group vitamins were identified as potential predictors of a high-unsaturated FA profile in breast milk. In addition, linolenic and palmitic acids in breast milk were positively associated with infants' growth in the first year of life. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-07-06 /pmc/articles/PMC9296781/ /pubmed/35873422 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2022.854786 Text en Copyright © 2022 Calvo-Lerma, Selma-Royo, Hervas, Yang, Intonen, González, Martínez-Costa, Linderborg and Collado. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Nutrition
Calvo-Lerma, Joaquim
Selma-Royo, Marta
Hervas, David
Yang, Baoru
Intonen, Linda
González, Sonia
Martínez-Costa, Cecilia
Linderborg, Kaisa M.
Collado, Maria Carmen
Breast Milk Lipidome Is Associated With Maternal Diet and Infants' Growth
title Breast Milk Lipidome Is Associated With Maternal Diet and Infants' Growth
title_full Breast Milk Lipidome Is Associated With Maternal Diet and Infants' Growth
title_fullStr Breast Milk Lipidome Is Associated With Maternal Diet and Infants' Growth
title_full_unstemmed Breast Milk Lipidome Is Associated With Maternal Diet and Infants' Growth
title_short Breast Milk Lipidome Is Associated With Maternal Diet and Infants' Growth
title_sort breast milk lipidome is associated with maternal diet and infants' growth
topic Nutrition
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9296781/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35873422
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2022.854786
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