Schwannomatosis patient who was followed up for fifteen years: A case report

BACKGROUND: Schwannomatosis is a rare disease characterized by multiple schwannomas of the whole body. Although benign, schwannomatosis that occurs in important areas of the body, such as the brain and spinal canal, can cause considerable disability and mortality. The disease is rare, frequent and relapsing, and this poses a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. CASE SUMMARY: A 40-year-old male had multiple masses all over his body, starting at the age of 19. Four years prior, he started to experience a progressive decrease in muscle strength in both lower limbs and developed urinary and defecation dysfunctions, and gradual paralysis. One month prior, the patient developed pain and numbness in his left forearm. The patient had undergone five surgical procedures for this disease in our department. Based on the family history, imaging examinations, pathological biopsy and molecular biological examinations, the diagnosis of schwannomatosis was confirmed. This time, the patient was admitted to our hospital again for a 6th operation because of the pain and numbness in his left forearm. After the operation, the patient's symptoms improved significantly; the patient recovered and was discharged from the hospital. At the last telephone follow-up, the patient reported a poor general condition but was alive. CONCLUSION: Here, we report a rare case of schwannomatosis. We conducted 15 years of patient follow-up and treatment, and analyzed the timing of surgery and patient psychology. This case will further extend our overall understanding of the diagnosis and treatment of this rare tumor.