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Sodium butyrate inhibits osteogenesis in human periodontal ligament stem cells by suppressing smad1 expression

BACKGROUND: Butyrate is a major subgingival microbial metabolite that is closely related to periodontal disease. It affects the proliferation and differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells. However, the mechanisms by which butyrate affects the osteogenic differentiation of periodontal ligament stem c...

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Autores principales: Hou, Jingyi, Xu, Junji, Liu, Yi, Zhang, Haiping, Wang, Sihan, Jiao, Yao, Guo, Lijia, Li, Song
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9297574/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35854293
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12903-022-02255-6
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author Hou, Jingyi
Xu, Junji
Liu, Yi
Zhang, Haiping
Wang, Sihan
Jiao, Yao
Guo, Lijia
Li, Song
author_facet Hou, Jingyi
Xu, Junji
Liu, Yi
Zhang, Haiping
Wang, Sihan
Jiao, Yao
Guo, Lijia
Li, Song
author_sort Hou, Jingyi
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Butyrate is a major subgingival microbial metabolite that is closely related to periodontal disease. It affects the proliferation and differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells. However, the mechanisms by which butyrate affects the osteogenic differentiation of periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) remain unclear. Here, we investigated the effect of sodium butyrate (NaB) on the osteogenic differentiation of human PDLSCs. METHODS: PDLSCs were isolated from human periodontal ligaments and treated with various concentrations of NaB in vitro. The cell counting kit-8 assay and flow cytometric analysis were used to assess cell viability. The osteogenic differentiation capabilities of PDLSCs were evaluated using the alkaline phosphatase activity assay, alizarin red staining, RT-PCR, western blotting and in vivo transplantation. RESULTS: NaB decreased PDLSC proliferation and induced apoptosis in a dose- and time-depend manner. Additionally, 1 mM NaB reduced alkaline phosphatase activity, mineralization ability, and the expression of osteogenic differentiation-related genes and proteins. Treatment with a free fatty acids receptor 2 (FFAR2) antagonist and agonist indicated that NaB inhibited the osteogenic differentiation capacity of PDLSCs by affecting the expression of Smad1. CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that NaB inhibits the osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs by activating FFAR2 and decreasing the expression of Smad1. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12903-022-02255-6.
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spelling pubmed-92975742022-07-21 Sodium butyrate inhibits osteogenesis in human periodontal ligament stem cells by suppressing smad1 expression Hou, Jingyi Xu, Junji Liu, Yi Zhang, Haiping Wang, Sihan Jiao, Yao Guo, Lijia Li, Song BMC Oral Health Research BACKGROUND: Butyrate is a major subgingival microbial metabolite that is closely related to periodontal disease. It affects the proliferation and differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells. However, the mechanisms by which butyrate affects the osteogenic differentiation of periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) remain unclear. Here, we investigated the effect of sodium butyrate (NaB) on the osteogenic differentiation of human PDLSCs. METHODS: PDLSCs were isolated from human periodontal ligaments and treated with various concentrations of NaB in vitro. The cell counting kit-8 assay and flow cytometric analysis were used to assess cell viability. The osteogenic differentiation capabilities of PDLSCs were evaluated using the alkaline phosphatase activity assay, alizarin red staining, RT-PCR, western blotting and in vivo transplantation. RESULTS: NaB decreased PDLSC proliferation and induced apoptosis in a dose- and time-depend manner. Additionally, 1 mM NaB reduced alkaline phosphatase activity, mineralization ability, and the expression of osteogenic differentiation-related genes and proteins. Treatment with a free fatty acids receptor 2 (FFAR2) antagonist and agonist indicated that NaB inhibited the osteogenic differentiation capacity of PDLSCs by affecting the expression of Smad1. CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that NaB inhibits the osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs by activating FFAR2 and decreasing the expression of Smad1. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12903-022-02255-6. BioMed Central 2022-07-19 /pmc/articles/PMC9297574/ /pubmed/35854293 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12903-022-02255-6 Text en © The Author(s) 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) ) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.
spellingShingle Research
Hou, Jingyi
Xu, Junji
Liu, Yi
Zhang, Haiping
Wang, Sihan
Jiao, Yao
Guo, Lijia
Li, Song
Sodium butyrate inhibits osteogenesis in human periodontal ligament stem cells by suppressing smad1 expression
title Sodium butyrate inhibits osteogenesis in human periodontal ligament stem cells by suppressing smad1 expression
title_full Sodium butyrate inhibits osteogenesis in human periodontal ligament stem cells by suppressing smad1 expression
title_fullStr Sodium butyrate inhibits osteogenesis in human periodontal ligament stem cells by suppressing smad1 expression
title_full_unstemmed Sodium butyrate inhibits osteogenesis in human periodontal ligament stem cells by suppressing smad1 expression
title_short Sodium butyrate inhibits osteogenesis in human periodontal ligament stem cells by suppressing smad1 expression
title_sort sodium butyrate inhibits osteogenesis in human periodontal ligament stem cells by suppressing smad1 expression
topic Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9297574/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35854293
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12903-022-02255-6
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