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Alterations in the Oral Microbiome Associated With Diabetes, Overweight, and Dietary Components

The Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) represents the traditional food consumption patterns of people living in countries bordering the Mediterranean Sea and is associated with a reduced incidence of obesity and type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The objective of this study was to examine differences in the...

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Autores principales: Shaalan, Abeer, Lee, Sunjae, Feart, Catherine, Garcia-Esquinas, Esther, Gomez-Cabrero, David, Lopez-Garcia, Esther, Morzel, Martine, Neyraud, Eric, Rodriguez-Artalejo, Fernando, Streich, Ricarda, Proctor, Gordon
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9298547/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35873415
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2022.914715
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author Shaalan, Abeer
Lee, Sunjae
Feart, Catherine
Garcia-Esquinas, Esther
Gomez-Cabrero, David
Lopez-Garcia, Esther
Morzel, Martine
Neyraud, Eric
Rodriguez-Artalejo, Fernando
Streich, Ricarda
Proctor, Gordon
author_facet Shaalan, Abeer
Lee, Sunjae
Feart, Catherine
Garcia-Esquinas, Esther
Gomez-Cabrero, David
Lopez-Garcia, Esther
Morzel, Martine
Neyraud, Eric
Rodriguez-Artalejo, Fernando
Streich, Ricarda
Proctor, Gordon
author_sort Shaalan, Abeer
collection PubMed
description The Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) represents the traditional food consumption patterns of people living in countries bordering the Mediterranean Sea and is associated with a reduced incidence of obesity and type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The objective of this study was to examine differences in the composition of the oral microbiome in older adults with T2DM and/or high body mass index (BMI) and whether the microbiome was influenced by elements of a MedDiet. Using a nested case-control design individuals affected by T2DM were selected from the Seniors-ENRICA-2 cohort concurrently with non-diabetic controls. BMI was measured, a validated dietary history taken, and adherence to a Mediterranean diet calculated using the MEDAS (Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener) index. Oral health status was assessed by questionnaire and unstimulated whole mouth saliva was collected, and salivary flow rate calculated. Richness and diversity of the salivary microbiome were reduced in participants with T2DM compared to those without diabetes. The bacterial community structure in saliva showed distinct “signatures” or “salivatypes,” characterized by predominance of particular bacterial genera. Salivatype 1 was more represented in subjects with T2DM, whilst those with obesity (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m(2)) had a predominance of salivatype 2, and control participants without T2DM or obesity had an increased presence of salivatype 3. There was an association of salivatype 1 with increased consumption of sugary snacks combined with reduced consumption of fish/shellfish and nuts. It can be concluded that the microbial community structure of saliva is altered in T2DM and obesity and is associated with altered consumption of particular food items. In order to further substantiate these observations a prospective study should be undertaken to assess the impact of diets aimed at modifying diabetic status and reducing weight.
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spelling pubmed-92985472022-07-21 Alterations in the Oral Microbiome Associated With Diabetes, Overweight, and Dietary Components Shaalan, Abeer Lee, Sunjae Feart, Catherine Garcia-Esquinas, Esther Gomez-Cabrero, David Lopez-Garcia, Esther Morzel, Martine Neyraud, Eric Rodriguez-Artalejo, Fernando Streich, Ricarda Proctor, Gordon Front Nutr Nutrition The Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) represents the traditional food consumption patterns of people living in countries bordering the Mediterranean Sea and is associated with a reduced incidence of obesity and type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The objective of this study was to examine differences in the composition of the oral microbiome in older adults with T2DM and/or high body mass index (BMI) and whether the microbiome was influenced by elements of a MedDiet. Using a nested case-control design individuals affected by T2DM were selected from the Seniors-ENRICA-2 cohort concurrently with non-diabetic controls. BMI was measured, a validated dietary history taken, and adherence to a Mediterranean diet calculated using the MEDAS (Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener) index. Oral health status was assessed by questionnaire and unstimulated whole mouth saliva was collected, and salivary flow rate calculated. Richness and diversity of the salivary microbiome were reduced in participants with T2DM compared to those without diabetes. The bacterial community structure in saliva showed distinct “signatures” or “salivatypes,” characterized by predominance of particular bacterial genera. Salivatype 1 was more represented in subjects with T2DM, whilst those with obesity (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m(2)) had a predominance of salivatype 2, and control participants without T2DM or obesity had an increased presence of salivatype 3. There was an association of salivatype 1 with increased consumption of sugary snacks combined with reduced consumption of fish/shellfish and nuts. It can be concluded that the microbial community structure of saliva is altered in T2DM and obesity and is associated with altered consumption of particular food items. In order to further substantiate these observations a prospective study should be undertaken to assess the impact of diets aimed at modifying diabetic status and reducing weight. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-07-06 /pmc/articles/PMC9298547/ /pubmed/35873415 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2022.914715 Text en Copyright © 2022 Shaalan, Lee, Feart, Garcia-Esquinas, Gomez-Cabrero, Lopez-Garcia, Morzel, Neyraud, Rodriguez-Artalejo, Streich and Proctor. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Nutrition
Shaalan, Abeer
Lee, Sunjae
Feart, Catherine
Garcia-Esquinas, Esther
Gomez-Cabrero, David
Lopez-Garcia, Esther
Morzel, Martine
Neyraud, Eric
Rodriguez-Artalejo, Fernando
Streich, Ricarda
Proctor, Gordon
Alterations in the Oral Microbiome Associated With Diabetes, Overweight, and Dietary Components
title Alterations in the Oral Microbiome Associated With Diabetes, Overweight, and Dietary Components
title_full Alterations in the Oral Microbiome Associated With Diabetes, Overweight, and Dietary Components
title_fullStr Alterations in the Oral Microbiome Associated With Diabetes, Overweight, and Dietary Components
title_full_unstemmed Alterations in the Oral Microbiome Associated With Diabetes, Overweight, and Dietary Components
title_short Alterations in the Oral Microbiome Associated With Diabetes, Overweight, and Dietary Components
title_sort alterations in the oral microbiome associated with diabetes, overweight, and dietary components
topic Nutrition
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9298547/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35873415
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2022.914715
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