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A Low-Cost Paper-Based Device for the Colorimetric Quantification of Bilirubin in Serum Using Smartphone Technology

Total bilirubin values have been used as a potential marker to pre-screen and diagnose various liver-based diseases such as jaundice, bile obstruction, liver cancer, etc. A device known as KromaHealth Kit, composed of paper and an acrylic backbone, is developed to quantify total bilirubin in human s...

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Autores principales: AuYoung, Brittany, Gutha Ravichandran, Akshay, Patel, Divykumar, Dave, Nisarg, Shah, Achal, Wronko-Stevens, Brianna, Bettencourt, Franklin, Rajan, Reshma, Menon, Nidhi
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9301313/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35873049
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fchem.2022.869086
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author AuYoung, Brittany
Gutha Ravichandran, Akshay
Patel, Divykumar
Dave, Nisarg
Shah, Achal
Wronko-Stevens, Brianna
Bettencourt, Franklin
Rajan, Reshma
Menon, Nidhi
author_facet AuYoung, Brittany
Gutha Ravichandran, Akshay
Patel, Divykumar
Dave, Nisarg
Shah, Achal
Wronko-Stevens, Brianna
Bettencourt, Franklin
Rajan, Reshma
Menon, Nidhi
author_sort AuYoung, Brittany
collection PubMed
description Total bilirubin values have been used as a potential marker to pre-screen and diagnose various liver-based diseases such as jaundice, bile obstruction, liver cancer, etc. A device known as KromaHealth Kit, composed of paper and an acrylic backbone, is developed to quantify total bilirubin in human serum using image processing and machine learning technology. The biochemical assays are deposited on absorbent paper pads that act as reaction zones when serum is added. A dedicated smartphone app captures images of the colorimetric changes on the pad and converts them into quantitative values of bilirubin. The range of bilirubin concentration that can be quantified using the device ranges from 0.5 mg/dl to 7.0 mg/dl. The precision, limit of detection, interference analysis, linearity, stability, and comparison with a predicate are studied in this paper in accordance with clinical and laboratory standards institute. The results indicate that the KromaHealth Kit can be used as an inexpensive alternative to conventional bilirubin testing in clinical settings. With its level of precision, ease-of-use, long shelf-life, and short turnaround time, it will prove to be invaluable in limited-resource settings.
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spelling pubmed-93013132022-07-22 A Low-Cost Paper-Based Device for the Colorimetric Quantification of Bilirubin in Serum Using Smartphone Technology AuYoung, Brittany Gutha Ravichandran, Akshay Patel, Divykumar Dave, Nisarg Shah, Achal Wronko-Stevens, Brianna Bettencourt, Franklin Rajan, Reshma Menon, Nidhi Front Chem Chemistry Total bilirubin values have been used as a potential marker to pre-screen and diagnose various liver-based diseases such as jaundice, bile obstruction, liver cancer, etc. A device known as KromaHealth Kit, composed of paper and an acrylic backbone, is developed to quantify total bilirubin in human serum using image processing and machine learning technology. The biochemical assays are deposited on absorbent paper pads that act as reaction zones when serum is added. A dedicated smartphone app captures images of the colorimetric changes on the pad and converts them into quantitative values of bilirubin. The range of bilirubin concentration that can be quantified using the device ranges from 0.5 mg/dl to 7.0 mg/dl. The precision, limit of detection, interference analysis, linearity, stability, and comparison with a predicate are studied in this paper in accordance with clinical and laboratory standards institute. The results indicate that the KromaHealth Kit can be used as an inexpensive alternative to conventional bilirubin testing in clinical settings. With its level of precision, ease-of-use, long shelf-life, and short turnaround time, it will prove to be invaluable in limited-resource settings. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-07-07 /pmc/articles/PMC9301313/ /pubmed/35873049 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fchem.2022.869086 Text en Copyright © 2022 AuYoung, Gutha Ravichandran, Patel, Dave, Shah, Wronko-Stevens, Bettencourt, Rajan and Menon. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Chemistry
AuYoung, Brittany
Gutha Ravichandran, Akshay
Patel, Divykumar
Dave, Nisarg
Shah, Achal
Wronko-Stevens, Brianna
Bettencourt, Franklin
Rajan, Reshma
Menon, Nidhi
A Low-Cost Paper-Based Device for the Colorimetric Quantification of Bilirubin in Serum Using Smartphone Technology
title A Low-Cost Paper-Based Device for the Colorimetric Quantification of Bilirubin in Serum Using Smartphone Technology
title_full A Low-Cost Paper-Based Device for the Colorimetric Quantification of Bilirubin in Serum Using Smartphone Technology
title_fullStr A Low-Cost Paper-Based Device for the Colorimetric Quantification of Bilirubin in Serum Using Smartphone Technology
title_full_unstemmed A Low-Cost Paper-Based Device for the Colorimetric Quantification of Bilirubin in Serum Using Smartphone Technology
title_short A Low-Cost Paper-Based Device for the Colorimetric Quantification of Bilirubin in Serum Using Smartphone Technology
title_sort low-cost paper-based device for the colorimetric quantification of bilirubin in serum using smartphone technology
topic Chemistry
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9301313/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35873049
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fchem.2022.869086
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