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Sero-prevalence and risk factors for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 infection in women and children in a rural district of Bangladesh: A cohort study

BACKGROUND: Bangladesh reported its first COVID-19 case on March 8, 2020. Despite lockdowns and promoting behavioural interventions, as of December 31, 2021, Bangladesh reported 1.5 million confirmed cases and 27 904 COVID-19-related deaths. To understand the course of the pandemic and identify risk...

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Autores principales: Khanam, Rasheda, Islam, Shafiqul, Rahman, Sayedur, Ahmed, Salahuddin, Islam, Ashraful, Hasan, Tarik, Hasan, Emran, Chowdhury, Nabidul Haque, Roy, Arunangshu Dutta, Jaben, Iffat Ara, Nehal, Asim A, Yoshida, Sachiyo, Manu, Alexander A, Raqib, Rubhana, McCollum, Eric D, Shahidullah, Mohammod, Jehan, Fyezah, Sazawal, Sunil, Bahl, Rajiv, Baqui, Abdullah H
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: International Society of Global Health 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9304923/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35866222
http://dx.doi.org/10.7189/jogh.12.05030
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author Khanam, Rasheda
Islam, Shafiqul
Rahman, Sayedur
Ahmed, Salahuddin
Islam, Ashraful
Hasan, Tarik
Hasan, Emran
Chowdhury, Nabidul Haque
Roy, Arunangshu Dutta
Jaben, Iffat Ara
Nehal, Asim A
Yoshida, Sachiyo
Manu, Alexander A
Raqib, Rubhana
McCollum, Eric D
Shahidullah, Mohammod
Jehan, Fyezah
Sazawal, Sunil
Bahl, Rajiv
Baqui, Abdullah H
author_facet Khanam, Rasheda
Islam, Shafiqul
Rahman, Sayedur
Ahmed, Salahuddin
Islam, Ashraful
Hasan, Tarik
Hasan, Emran
Chowdhury, Nabidul Haque
Roy, Arunangshu Dutta
Jaben, Iffat Ara
Nehal, Asim A
Yoshida, Sachiyo
Manu, Alexander A
Raqib, Rubhana
McCollum, Eric D
Shahidullah, Mohammod
Jehan, Fyezah
Sazawal, Sunil
Bahl, Rajiv
Baqui, Abdullah H
author_sort Khanam, Rasheda
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Bangladesh reported its first COVID-19 case on March 8, 2020. Despite lockdowns and promoting behavioural interventions, as of December 31, 2021, Bangladesh reported 1.5 million confirmed cases and 27 904 COVID-19-related deaths. To understand the course of the pandemic and identify risk factors for SARs-Cov-2 infection, we conducted a cohort study from November 2020 to December 2021 in rural Bangladesh. METHODS: After obtaining informed consent and collecting baseline data on COVID-19 knowledge, comorbidities, socioeconomic status, and lifestyle, we collected data on COVID-like illness and care-seeking weekly for 54 weeks for women (n = 2683) and their children (n = 2433). Between March and July 2021, we tested all participants for SARS-CoV-2 antibodies using ROCHE's Elecsys® test kit. We calculated seropositivity rates and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) separately for women and children. In addition, we calculated unadjusted and adjusted relative risk (RR) and 95% CI of seropositivity for different age and risk groups using log-binomial regression models. RESULTS: Overall, about one-third of women (35.8%, 95% CI = 33.7-37.9) and one-fifth of children (21.3%, 95% CI = 19.2-23.6) were seropositive for SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. The seroprevalence rate doubled for women and tripled for children between March 2021 and July 2021. Compared to women and children with the highest household wealth (HHW) tertile, both women and children from poorer households had a lower risk of infection (RR, 95% CI for lowest HHW tertile women (0.83 (0.71-0.97)) and children (0.75 (0.57-0.98)). Most infections were asymptomatic or mild. In addition, the risk of infection among women was higher if she reported chewing tobacco (RR = 1.19,95% CI = 1.03-1.38) and if her husband had an occupation requiring him to work indoors (RR = 1.16,  95% CI = 1.02-1.32). The risk of infection was higher among children if paternal education was >5 years (RR = 1.37, 95% CI = 1.10-1.71) than in children with a paternal education of ≤5 years. CONCLUSIONS: We provided prospectively collected population-based data, which could contribute to designing feasible strategies against COVID-19 tailored to high-risk groups. The most feasible strategy may be promoting preventive care practices; however, collecting data on reported practices is inadequate. More in-depth understanding of the factors related to adoption and adherence to the practices is essential.
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spelling pubmed-93049232022-08-03 Sero-prevalence and risk factors for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 infection in women and children in a rural district of Bangladesh: A cohort study Khanam, Rasheda Islam, Shafiqul Rahman, Sayedur Ahmed, Salahuddin Islam, Ashraful Hasan, Tarik Hasan, Emran Chowdhury, Nabidul Haque Roy, Arunangshu Dutta Jaben, Iffat Ara Nehal, Asim A Yoshida, Sachiyo Manu, Alexander A Raqib, Rubhana McCollum, Eric D Shahidullah, Mohammod Jehan, Fyezah Sazawal, Sunil Bahl, Rajiv Baqui, Abdullah H J Glob Health Research Theme 1: COVID-19 Pandemic BACKGROUND: Bangladesh reported its first COVID-19 case on March 8, 2020. Despite lockdowns and promoting behavioural interventions, as of December 31, 2021, Bangladesh reported 1.5 million confirmed cases and 27 904 COVID-19-related deaths. To understand the course of the pandemic and identify risk factors for SARs-Cov-2 infection, we conducted a cohort study from November 2020 to December 2021 in rural Bangladesh. METHODS: After obtaining informed consent and collecting baseline data on COVID-19 knowledge, comorbidities, socioeconomic status, and lifestyle, we collected data on COVID-like illness and care-seeking weekly for 54 weeks for women (n = 2683) and their children (n = 2433). Between March and July 2021, we tested all participants for SARS-CoV-2 antibodies using ROCHE's Elecsys® test kit. We calculated seropositivity rates and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) separately for women and children. In addition, we calculated unadjusted and adjusted relative risk (RR) and 95% CI of seropositivity for different age and risk groups using log-binomial regression models. RESULTS: Overall, about one-third of women (35.8%, 95% CI = 33.7-37.9) and one-fifth of children (21.3%, 95% CI = 19.2-23.6) were seropositive for SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. The seroprevalence rate doubled for women and tripled for children between March 2021 and July 2021. Compared to women and children with the highest household wealth (HHW) tertile, both women and children from poorer households had a lower risk of infection (RR, 95% CI for lowest HHW tertile women (0.83 (0.71-0.97)) and children (0.75 (0.57-0.98)). Most infections were asymptomatic or mild. In addition, the risk of infection among women was higher if she reported chewing tobacco (RR = 1.19,95% CI = 1.03-1.38) and if her husband had an occupation requiring him to work indoors (RR = 1.16,  95% CI = 1.02-1.32). The risk of infection was higher among children if paternal education was >5 years (RR = 1.37, 95% CI = 1.10-1.71) than in children with a paternal education of ≤5 years. CONCLUSIONS: We provided prospectively collected population-based data, which could contribute to designing feasible strategies against COVID-19 tailored to high-risk groups. The most feasible strategy may be promoting preventive care practices; however, collecting data on reported practices is inadequate. More in-depth understanding of the factors related to adoption and adherence to the practices is essential. International Society of Global Health 2022-07-23 /pmc/articles/PMC9304923/ /pubmed/35866222 http://dx.doi.org/10.7189/jogh.12.05030 Text en Copyright © 2022 by the Journal of Global Health. All rights reserved. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
spellingShingle Research Theme 1: COVID-19 Pandemic
Khanam, Rasheda
Islam, Shafiqul
Rahman, Sayedur
Ahmed, Salahuddin
Islam, Ashraful
Hasan, Tarik
Hasan, Emran
Chowdhury, Nabidul Haque
Roy, Arunangshu Dutta
Jaben, Iffat Ara
Nehal, Asim A
Yoshida, Sachiyo
Manu, Alexander A
Raqib, Rubhana
McCollum, Eric D
Shahidullah, Mohammod
Jehan, Fyezah
Sazawal, Sunil
Bahl, Rajiv
Baqui, Abdullah H
Sero-prevalence and risk factors for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 infection in women and children in a rural district of Bangladesh: A cohort study
title Sero-prevalence and risk factors for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 infection in women and children in a rural district of Bangladesh: A cohort study
title_full Sero-prevalence and risk factors for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 infection in women and children in a rural district of Bangladesh: A cohort study
title_fullStr Sero-prevalence and risk factors for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 infection in women and children in a rural district of Bangladesh: A cohort study
title_full_unstemmed Sero-prevalence and risk factors for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 infection in women and children in a rural district of Bangladesh: A cohort study
title_short Sero-prevalence and risk factors for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 infection in women and children in a rural district of Bangladesh: A cohort study
title_sort sero-prevalence and risk factors for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection in women and children in a rural district of bangladesh: a cohort study
topic Research Theme 1: COVID-19 Pandemic
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9304923/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35866222
http://dx.doi.org/10.7189/jogh.12.05030
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