The NF‐κB‐signalling pathway in mare's endometrium infiltrated with the inflammatory cells

Endometritis is an important issue decreasing mares' fertility. In the case of endometritis, both inflammatory cells infiltration and proinflammatory molecules production are regulated by various cellular and gene regulatory mechanisms, including the nuclear factor‐κB (NF‐κB)‐dependent pathway. NF‐κB‐signalling pathway has been recently studied in the equine endometrium in the context of endometrosis. Thus, this study aimed to determine gene transcription of NF‐κB subunits (RelA; NF‐κB1; NF‐κB2), proinflammatory molecules (MCP‐1; IL‐6) and hyaluronan synthases (HAS 1; HAS 2; HAS 3) in endometritis and compare them with the intensity and type of inflammatory cell infiltration. Endometrial samples, collected post‐mortem from cyclic mares in oestrus or dioestrus, were classified histologically and examined using quantitative PCR. Transcription NF‐κB subunits genes did not differ with either inflammatory intensity or type of inflammatory cell infiltration. Transcription of MCP‐1 and IL‐6 genes increased with the severity of inflammation, with the involvement of HAS 3 and HAS 2 genes, as opposed to HAS 1 genes. These proinflammatory molecules and hyaluronan synthases in the equine inflamed endometrium do not seem to be regulated by the NF‐κB pathway. Hence, separate signalling pathways for the development and progression of equine endometritis and endometrosis may be suggested.