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Melatonin Attenuates Methotrexate-Induced Reduction of Antioxidant Activity Related to Decreases of Neurogenesis in Adult Rat Hippocampus and Prefrontal Cortex

Previous studies have revealed that the side effects of anticancer drugs induce a decrease of neurogenesis. Methotrexate (MTX), one of anticancer drugs, can induce lipid peroxidation as an indicator of oxidative stress in the brain. Melatonin has been presented as an antioxidant that can prevent oxi...

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Autores principales: Suwannakot, Kornrawee, Sritawan, Nataya, Naewla, Salinee, Aranarochana, Anusara, Sirichoat, Apiwat, Pannangrong, Wanassanun, Wigmore, Peter, Welbat, Jariya Umka
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Hindawi 2022
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Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9307408/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35873801
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/1596362
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author Suwannakot, Kornrawee
Sritawan, Nataya
Naewla, Salinee
Aranarochana, Anusara
Sirichoat, Apiwat
Pannangrong, Wanassanun
Wigmore, Peter
Welbat, Jariya Umka
author_facet Suwannakot, Kornrawee
Sritawan, Nataya
Naewla, Salinee
Aranarochana, Anusara
Sirichoat, Apiwat
Pannangrong, Wanassanun
Wigmore, Peter
Welbat, Jariya Umka
author_sort Suwannakot, Kornrawee
collection PubMed
description Previous studies have revealed that the side effects of anticancer drugs induce a decrease of neurogenesis. Methotrexate (MTX), one of anticancer drugs, can induce lipid peroxidation as an indicator of oxidative stress in the brain. Melatonin has been presented as an antioxidant that can prevent oxidative stress-induced neuronal damage via the activation of antioxidant enzymes associated with the increase of neurogenesis. The aims of the present study are to examine the neuroprotective effect of melatonin on the neurotoxicity of MTX on neurogenesis and the changes of protein expression and antioxidant enzyme levels in adult rat hippocampus and prefrontal cortex (PFC). Male Sprague-Dawley rats were assigned into four groups: vehicle, MTX, melatonin, and melatonin+MTX groups. The vehicle group received saline solution and 10% ethanol solution, whereas the experimental groups received MTX (75 mg/kg, i.v.) and melatonin (8 mg/kg, i.p.) treatments. After the animal examination, the brains were removed for p21 immunofluorescence staining. The hippocampus and PFC were harvested for Western blot analysis and biochemical assessments of malondialdehyde (MDA), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), and superoxide dismutase (SOD). The immunofluorescence result showed that coadministration with melatonin diminished p21-positive cells in the hippocampal dentate gyrus, indicating a decrease of cell cycle arrest. Melatonin reduced the levels of MDA and prevented the decline of antioxidant enzyme activities in rats receiving MTX. In the melatonin+MTX group, the protein expression results showed that melatonin treatment significantly upregulated synaptic plasticity and an immature neuron marker through enhancing brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and doublecortin (DCX), respectively. Moreover, melatonin ameliorated the antioxidant defense system by improving the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) in rats receiving MTX. These findings suggested that the effects of melatonin can ameliorate MTX toxicity by several mechanisms, including an increase of endogenous antioxidants and neurogenesis in adult rat hippocampus and PFC.
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spelling pubmed-93074082022-07-23 Melatonin Attenuates Methotrexate-Induced Reduction of Antioxidant Activity Related to Decreases of Neurogenesis in Adult Rat Hippocampus and Prefrontal Cortex Suwannakot, Kornrawee Sritawan, Nataya Naewla, Salinee Aranarochana, Anusara Sirichoat, Apiwat Pannangrong, Wanassanun Wigmore, Peter Welbat, Jariya Umka Oxid Med Cell Longev Research Article Previous studies have revealed that the side effects of anticancer drugs induce a decrease of neurogenesis. Methotrexate (MTX), one of anticancer drugs, can induce lipid peroxidation as an indicator of oxidative stress in the brain. Melatonin has been presented as an antioxidant that can prevent oxidative stress-induced neuronal damage via the activation of antioxidant enzymes associated with the increase of neurogenesis. The aims of the present study are to examine the neuroprotective effect of melatonin on the neurotoxicity of MTX on neurogenesis and the changes of protein expression and antioxidant enzyme levels in adult rat hippocampus and prefrontal cortex (PFC). Male Sprague-Dawley rats were assigned into four groups: vehicle, MTX, melatonin, and melatonin+MTX groups. The vehicle group received saline solution and 10% ethanol solution, whereas the experimental groups received MTX (75 mg/kg, i.v.) and melatonin (8 mg/kg, i.p.) treatments. After the animal examination, the brains were removed for p21 immunofluorescence staining. The hippocampus and PFC were harvested for Western blot analysis and biochemical assessments of malondialdehyde (MDA), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), and superoxide dismutase (SOD). The immunofluorescence result showed that coadministration with melatonin diminished p21-positive cells in the hippocampal dentate gyrus, indicating a decrease of cell cycle arrest. Melatonin reduced the levels of MDA and prevented the decline of antioxidant enzyme activities in rats receiving MTX. In the melatonin+MTX group, the protein expression results showed that melatonin treatment significantly upregulated synaptic plasticity and an immature neuron marker through enhancing brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and doublecortin (DCX), respectively. Moreover, melatonin ameliorated the antioxidant defense system by improving the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) in rats receiving MTX. These findings suggested that the effects of melatonin can ameliorate MTX toxicity by several mechanisms, including an increase of endogenous antioxidants and neurogenesis in adult rat hippocampus and PFC. Hindawi 2022-07-15 /pmc/articles/PMC9307408/ /pubmed/35873801 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/1596362 Text en Copyright © 2022 Kornrawee Suwannakot et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Suwannakot, Kornrawee
Sritawan, Nataya
Naewla, Salinee
Aranarochana, Anusara
Sirichoat, Apiwat
Pannangrong, Wanassanun
Wigmore, Peter
Welbat, Jariya Umka
Melatonin Attenuates Methotrexate-Induced Reduction of Antioxidant Activity Related to Decreases of Neurogenesis in Adult Rat Hippocampus and Prefrontal Cortex
title Melatonin Attenuates Methotrexate-Induced Reduction of Antioxidant Activity Related to Decreases of Neurogenesis in Adult Rat Hippocampus and Prefrontal Cortex
title_full Melatonin Attenuates Methotrexate-Induced Reduction of Antioxidant Activity Related to Decreases of Neurogenesis in Adult Rat Hippocampus and Prefrontal Cortex
title_fullStr Melatonin Attenuates Methotrexate-Induced Reduction of Antioxidant Activity Related to Decreases of Neurogenesis in Adult Rat Hippocampus and Prefrontal Cortex
title_full_unstemmed Melatonin Attenuates Methotrexate-Induced Reduction of Antioxidant Activity Related to Decreases of Neurogenesis in Adult Rat Hippocampus and Prefrontal Cortex
title_short Melatonin Attenuates Methotrexate-Induced Reduction of Antioxidant Activity Related to Decreases of Neurogenesis in Adult Rat Hippocampus and Prefrontal Cortex
title_sort melatonin attenuates methotrexate-induced reduction of antioxidant activity related to decreases of neurogenesis in adult rat hippocampus and prefrontal cortex
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9307408/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35873801
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/1596362
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