Minimal surgery for tractional retinal detachment secondary to branch retinal vein occlusion: a case report

BACKGROUND: Tractional retinal detachment secondary to retinal vein occlusion is a complex entity that can be extremely difficult to manage due to an intricate association of the retinal tissue with the fibrovascular proliferation, making vitreous dissection an extraordinarily difficult procedure. Minimal surgery without endo-tamponade can reduce recovery time and avoid complications of surgery, which in some cases can lead to blindness and even phthisis. CASE PRESENTATION: A 64-year-old Indian woman presented with progressive worsening of vision (right eye) due to fovea involving tractional retinal detachment secondary to supero-temporal branch retinal vein occlusion. After anterior, core and peripheral vitrectomy, the epicenter of the fibrous bridge causing foveal split was identified and released. The corrected distance visual acuity improved from 6/60 pre-operatively to 6/12 post-operatively. At the 5-year follow-up, the patient remains stable both anatomically and visually. CONCLUSIONS: This case illustrates how careful identification of the epicenter of traction helps maximize visual gain in patients with minimal risk of iatrogenic retinal tears and eliminates the need for endo-tamponade with either gas or silicone oil. Minimal surgery for tractional detachment provides excellent visual gains with minimal risks in select cases.