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Periodontitis is associated with higher subclinical atherosclerosis in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus

AIM: To determine periodontitis prevalence in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and to assess whether periodontitis in SLE patients is associated with a greater subclinical atherosclerosis. METHODS: An observational case–control study was conducted in SLE (cases) and patients without...

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Autores principales: Zamora‐Pasadas, Mónica, Marfil‐Álvarez, Rafael, González‐Bustos, Pablo, Magán‐Fernández, Antonio, Mesa, Francisco
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9311157/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35293616
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jre.12977
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author Zamora‐Pasadas, Mónica
Marfil‐Álvarez, Rafael
González‐Bustos, Pablo
Magán‐Fernández, Antonio
Mesa, Francisco
author_facet Zamora‐Pasadas, Mónica
Marfil‐Álvarez, Rafael
González‐Bustos, Pablo
Magán‐Fernández, Antonio
Mesa, Francisco
author_sort Zamora‐Pasadas, Mónica
collection PubMed
description AIM: To determine periodontitis prevalence in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and to assess whether periodontitis in SLE patients is associated with a greater subclinical atherosclerosis. METHODS: An observational case–control study was conducted in SLE (cases) and patients without any rheumatic diseases (controls), matched for sex. Sociodemographic and cardiometabolic variables were gathered, and SLE activity was assessed through several indexes. Periodontal examination registered probing pocket depth, clinical attachment level, bleeding on probing, plaque index, and tooth loss. Subclinical atherosclerosis was assessed by measuring the carotid–femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV) by Doppler velocimetry, homocysteine levels, C‐reactive protein (CRP), and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR). Bivariate analyses and logistic regression were used to assess the association of any of the studied variables with SLE. RESULTS: Seventy‐one cases and 72 controls were included in the study. Thirty‐nine SLE patients (54.9%) were diagnosed with periodontitis, compared with 16 controls (22.2%). High levels of PWV (≥7.7 m/s, 75th percentile) were shown by 44.3% of the cases vs. 22.4% of the controls (p = .011). Among SLE patients, those with periodontitis showed higher PWV values (8.1 ± 1.52 vs. 7.16 ± 1.11 m/s, p = .006) and higher homeostasis model assessment index (indicative of insulin resistance) (1.7 ± 0.73 vs. 2.92 ± 3.05, p = .028) compared to those with periodontal health. Logistic regression showed that waist circumference (OR 1.06, 95% CI 1.01–1.12, p = .015); ESR (OR 1.09, 95% CI 1.03–1.16, p = .003); and bleeding on probing (OR 1.1, 95% CI 1.01–1.19, p = .018) were associated with the risk of SLE. CONCLUSION: Systemic lupus erythematosus patients showed a higher periodontitis percentage than controls. Higher PWV values were found in SLE patients with periodontitis, indicating a higher prevalence of subclinical atherosclerosis. Patients with higher gingival bleeding showed a higher risk of SLE.
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spelling pubmed-93111572022-07-29 Periodontitis is associated with higher subclinical atherosclerosis in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus Zamora‐Pasadas, Mónica Marfil‐Álvarez, Rafael González‐Bustos, Pablo Magán‐Fernández, Antonio Mesa, Francisco J Periodontal Res Original Articles AIM: To determine periodontitis prevalence in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and to assess whether periodontitis in SLE patients is associated with a greater subclinical atherosclerosis. METHODS: An observational case–control study was conducted in SLE (cases) and patients without any rheumatic diseases (controls), matched for sex. Sociodemographic and cardiometabolic variables were gathered, and SLE activity was assessed through several indexes. Periodontal examination registered probing pocket depth, clinical attachment level, bleeding on probing, plaque index, and tooth loss. Subclinical atherosclerosis was assessed by measuring the carotid–femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV) by Doppler velocimetry, homocysteine levels, C‐reactive protein (CRP), and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR). Bivariate analyses and logistic regression were used to assess the association of any of the studied variables with SLE. RESULTS: Seventy‐one cases and 72 controls were included in the study. Thirty‐nine SLE patients (54.9%) were diagnosed with periodontitis, compared with 16 controls (22.2%). High levels of PWV (≥7.7 m/s, 75th percentile) were shown by 44.3% of the cases vs. 22.4% of the controls (p = .011). Among SLE patients, those with periodontitis showed higher PWV values (8.1 ± 1.52 vs. 7.16 ± 1.11 m/s, p = .006) and higher homeostasis model assessment index (indicative of insulin resistance) (1.7 ± 0.73 vs. 2.92 ± 3.05, p = .028) compared to those with periodontal health. Logistic regression showed that waist circumference (OR 1.06, 95% CI 1.01–1.12, p = .015); ESR (OR 1.09, 95% CI 1.03–1.16, p = .003); and bleeding on probing (OR 1.1, 95% CI 1.01–1.19, p = .018) were associated with the risk of SLE. CONCLUSION: Systemic lupus erythematosus patients showed a higher periodontitis percentage than controls. Higher PWV values were found in SLE patients with periodontitis, indicating a higher prevalence of subclinical atherosclerosis. Patients with higher gingival bleeding showed a higher risk of SLE. John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2022-03-16 2022-06 /pmc/articles/PMC9311157/ /pubmed/35293616 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jre.12977 Text en © 2022 The Authors. Journal of Periodontal Research published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non‐commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.
spellingShingle Original Articles
Zamora‐Pasadas, Mónica
Marfil‐Álvarez, Rafael
González‐Bustos, Pablo
Magán‐Fernández, Antonio
Mesa, Francisco
Periodontitis is associated with higher subclinical atherosclerosis in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus
title Periodontitis is associated with higher subclinical atherosclerosis in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus
title_full Periodontitis is associated with higher subclinical atherosclerosis in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus
title_fullStr Periodontitis is associated with higher subclinical atherosclerosis in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus
title_full_unstemmed Periodontitis is associated with higher subclinical atherosclerosis in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus
title_short Periodontitis is associated with higher subclinical atherosclerosis in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus
title_sort periodontitis is associated with higher subclinical atherosclerosis in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus
topic Original Articles
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9311157/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35293616
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jre.12977
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