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Bactericidal Activity of Sodium Bituminosulfonate against Staphylococcus aureus
Antibiotic resistance is increasing worldwide making it necessary to search for alternative antimicrobials. Sodium bituminosulfonate is a long-known substance, whose antimicrobial inhibitory activity has recently been re-evaluated. However, to the best of our knowledge, the bactericidal mode of acti...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9311858/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35884150 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics11070896 |
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author | Heuser, Elisa Becker, Karsten Idelevich, Evgeny A. |
author_facet | Heuser, Elisa Becker, Karsten Idelevich, Evgeny A. |
author_sort | Heuser, Elisa |
collection | PubMed |
description | Antibiotic resistance is increasing worldwide making it necessary to search for alternative antimicrobials. Sodium bituminosulfonate is a long-known substance, whose antimicrobial inhibitory activity has recently been re-evaluated. However, to the best of our knowledge, the bactericidal mode of action of this substance has not been systematically characterized. The aim of this study was to investigate the in vitro bactericidal activity of sodium bituminosulfonate by determining the minimal bactericidal concentrations (MBC), as well as the rapidity of bactericidal effect by time-kill curves. Clinical isolates of methicillin-susceptible (MSSA, n = 20) and methicillin-resistant (mecA/mecC-MRSA, n = 20) Staphylococcus aureus were used to determine MBC by a broth microdilution method. Sodium bituminosulfonate (Ichthyol(®) light) was tested in double-dilution concentration steps ranging from 0.03 g/L to 256 g/L. For time-kill analysis, two reference and two clinical S. aureus strains were tested with different concentrations of sodium bituminosulfonate (1× minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC), 2× MIC, 4× MIC, 16× MIC and 256× MIC). For MSSA isolates, MBC(50), MBC(90) and the MBC range were 0.5 g/L, 1.0 g/L and 0.125–1.0 g/L; (MBC/MIC ratio)(50), (MBC/MIC ratio)(90) and the range of the MBC/MIC ratio were 4, 4 and 1–8, respectively. Among MRSA isolates, MBC(50), MBC(90) and the MBC range amounted to 0.5 g/L, 1.0 g/L and 0.06–1.0 g/L; (MBC/MIC ratio)(50), (MBC/MIC ratio)(90) and the range of the MBC/MIC ratio were 2, 4 and 1–8, respectively. Time-kill kinetics revealed a bactericidal effect after 30 min for sodium bituminosulfonate concentrations of 16× MIC and 256× MIC. The bactericidal activity against MSSA and MRSA was demonstrated for sodium bituminosulfonate. The killing was very rapid with the initial population reduced by 99.9% after only short incubation with concentrations of 16× MIC and higher. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9311858 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-93118582022-07-26 Bactericidal Activity of Sodium Bituminosulfonate against Staphylococcus aureus Heuser, Elisa Becker, Karsten Idelevich, Evgeny A. Antibiotics (Basel) Brief Report Antibiotic resistance is increasing worldwide making it necessary to search for alternative antimicrobials. Sodium bituminosulfonate is a long-known substance, whose antimicrobial inhibitory activity has recently been re-evaluated. However, to the best of our knowledge, the bactericidal mode of action of this substance has not been systematically characterized. The aim of this study was to investigate the in vitro bactericidal activity of sodium bituminosulfonate by determining the minimal bactericidal concentrations (MBC), as well as the rapidity of bactericidal effect by time-kill curves. Clinical isolates of methicillin-susceptible (MSSA, n = 20) and methicillin-resistant (mecA/mecC-MRSA, n = 20) Staphylococcus aureus were used to determine MBC by a broth microdilution method. Sodium bituminosulfonate (Ichthyol(®) light) was tested in double-dilution concentration steps ranging from 0.03 g/L to 256 g/L. For time-kill analysis, two reference and two clinical S. aureus strains were tested with different concentrations of sodium bituminosulfonate (1× minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC), 2× MIC, 4× MIC, 16× MIC and 256× MIC). For MSSA isolates, MBC(50), MBC(90) and the MBC range were 0.5 g/L, 1.0 g/L and 0.125–1.0 g/L; (MBC/MIC ratio)(50), (MBC/MIC ratio)(90) and the range of the MBC/MIC ratio were 4, 4 and 1–8, respectively. Among MRSA isolates, MBC(50), MBC(90) and the MBC range amounted to 0.5 g/L, 1.0 g/L and 0.06–1.0 g/L; (MBC/MIC ratio)(50), (MBC/MIC ratio)(90) and the range of the MBC/MIC ratio were 2, 4 and 1–8, respectively. Time-kill kinetics revealed a bactericidal effect after 30 min for sodium bituminosulfonate concentrations of 16× MIC and 256× MIC. The bactericidal activity against MSSA and MRSA was demonstrated for sodium bituminosulfonate. The killing was very rapid with the initial population reduced by 99.9% after only short incubation with concentrations of 16× MIC and higher. MDPI 2022-07-05 /pmc/articles/PMC9311858/ /pubmed/35884150 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics11070896 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Brief Report Heuser, Elisa Becker, Karsten Idelevich, Evgeny A. Bactericidal Activity of Sodium Bituminosulfonate against Staphylococcus aureus |
title | Bactericidal Activity of Sodium Bituminosulfonate against Staphylococcus aureus |
title_full | Bactericidal Activity of Sodium Bituminosulfonate against Staphylococcus aureus |
title_fullStr | Bactericidal Activity of Sodium Bituminosulfonate against Staphylococcus aureus |
title_full_unstemmed | Bactericidal Activity of Sodium Bituminosulfonate against Staphylococcus aureus |
title_short | Bactericidal Activity of Sodium Bituminosulfonate against Staphylococcus aureus |
title_sort | bactericidal activity of sodium bituminosulfonate against staphylococcus aureus |
topic | Brief Report |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9311858/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35884150 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics11070896 |
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