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A Pilot Study on Plasma and Urine Neurotransmitter Levels in Children with Tic Disorders

Background: Tic disorders (TDs), including Tourette syndrome, are childhood-onset neuropsychiatric disorders characterized by motor and/or vocal tics that commonly affect children’s physical and mental health. The pathogenesis of TDs may be related to abnormal neurotransmitters in the cortico-striat...

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Autores principales: Qian, Qiao-Qiao, Tan, Qian-Qian, Sun, Dan, Lu, Qing, Xin, Ying-Ying, Wu, Qian, Zhou, Yong, Liu, Yang-Xi, Tian, Pei-Chao, Liu, Zhi-Sheng
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9313232/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35884687
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci12070880
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author Qian, Qiao-Qiao
Tan, Qian-Qian
Sun, Dan
Lu, Qing
Xin, Ying-Ying
Wu, Qian
Zhou, Yong
Liu, Yang-Xi
Tian, Pei-Chao
Liu, Zhi-Sheng
author_facet Qian, Qiao-Qiao
Tan, Qian-Qian
Sun, Dan
Lu, Qing
Xin, Ying-Ying
Wu, Qian
Zhou, Yong
Liu, Yang-Xi
Tian, Pei-Chao
Liu, Zhi-Sheng
author_sort Qian, Qiao-Qiao
collection PubMed
description Background: Tic disorders (TDs), including Tourette syndrome, are childhood-onset neuropsychiatric disorders characterized by motor and/or vocal tics that commonly affect children’s physical and mental health. The pathogenesis of TDs may be related to abnormal neurotransmitters in the cortico-striatal-thalamo-cortical circuitry, especially dopaminergic, glutamatergic, and serotonergic neurotransmitters. The purpose of this study was to preliminarily investigate the differences in the three types of neurotransmitters in plasma and urine between children with TD and healthy children. Methods: We collected 94 samples of plasma and 69 samples of urine from 3–12-year-old Chinese Han children with TD before treatment. The plasma and urine of the same number of healthy Chinese Han children, matched for age and sex, participating in a physical examination, were collected. Ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry was used to detect the three types of neurotransmitters in the above samples. Results: The plasma levels of norepinephrine, glutamic acid, and γ-aminobutyric acid, and the urine levels of normetanephrine and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid were higher in the TD children than in healthy children. The area under the curve (AUC) values of the above neurotransmitters in plasma and urine analyzed by receiver operating characteristic curve analysis were all higher than 0.6, with significant differences. Among them, the combined AUC of dopamine, norepinephrine, normetanephrine, glutamic acid, and γ-aminobutyric acid in the 8–12-year-old subgroup was 0.930, and the sensitivity and specificity for TD were 0.821 and 0.974, respectively (p = 0.000). Conclusions: There are differences in plasma and urine neurotransmitters between TD children and healthy children, which lays a foundation for further research on the pathogenesis of TD.
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spelling pubmed-93132322022-07-26 A Pilot Study on Plasma and Urine Neurotransmitter Levels in Children with Tic Disorders Qian, Qiao-Qiao Tan, Qian-Qian Sun, Dan Lu, Qing Xin, Ying-Ying Wu, Qian Zhou, Yong Liu, Yang-Xi Tian, Pei-Chao Liu, Zhi-Sheng Brain Sci Article Background: Tic disorders (TDs), including Tourette syndrome, are childhood-onset neuropsychiatric disorders characterized by motor and/or vocal tics that commonly affect children’s physical and mental health. The pathogenesis of TDs may be related to abnormal neurotransmitters in the cortico-striatal-thalamo-cortical circuitry, especially dopaminergic, glutamatergic, and serotonergic neurotransmitters. The purpose of this study was to preliminarily investigate the differences in the three types of neurotransmitters in plasma and urine between children with TD and healthy children. Methods: We collected 94 samples of plasma and 69 samples of urine from 3–12-year-old Chinese Han children with TD before treatment. The plasma and urine of the same number of healthy Chinese Han children, matched for age and sex, participating in a physical examination, were collected. Ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry was used to detect the three types of neurotransmitters in the above samples. Results: The plasma levels of norepinephrine, glutamic acid, and γ-aminobutyric acid, and the urine levels of normetanephrine and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid were higher in the TD children than in healthy children. The area under the curve (AUC) values of the above neurotransmitters in plasma and urine analyzed by receiver operating characteristic curve analysis were all higher than 0.6, with significant differences. Among them, the combined AUC of dopamine, norepinephrine, normetanephrine, glutamic acid, and γ-aminobutyric acid in the 8–12-year-old subgroup was 0.930, and the sensitivity and specificity for TD were 0.821 and 0.974, respectively (p = 0.000). Conclusions: There are differences in plasma and urine neurotransmitters between TD children and healthy children, which lays a foundation for further research on the pathogenesis of TD. MDPI 2022-07-04 /pmc/articles/PMC9313232/ /pubmed/35884687 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci12070880 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Qian, Qiao-Qiao
Tan, Qian-Qian
Sun, Dan
Lu, Qing
Xin, Ying-Ying
Wu, Qian
Zhou, Yong
Liu, Yang-Xi
Tian, Pei-Chao
Liu, Zhi-Sheng
A Pilot Study on Plasma and Urine Neurotransmitter Levels in Children with Tic Disorders
title A Pilot Study on Plasma and Urine Neurotransmitter Levels in Children with Tic Disorders
title_full A Pilot Study on Plasma and Urine Neurotransmitter Levels in Children with Tic Disorders
title_fullStr A Pilot Study on Plasma and Urine Neurotransmitter Levels in Children with Tic Disorders
title_full_unstemmed A Pilot Study on Plasma and Urine Neurotransmitter Levels in Children with Tic Disorders
title_short A Pilot Study on Plasma and Urine Neurotransmitter Levels in Children with Tic Disorders
title_sort pilot study on plasma and urine neurotransmitter levels in children with tic disorders
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9313232/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35884687
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci12070880
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