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Combined Analysis of BSA-Seq Based Mapping, RNA-Seq, and Metabolomic Unraveled Candidate Genes Associated with Panicle Grain Number in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)
Rice grain yield is a complex and highly variable quantitative trait consisting of several key components, including the grain weight, the effective panicles per unit area, and the grain number per panicle (GNPP). The GNPP is a significant contributor to grain yield controlled by multiple genes (QTL...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9313402/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35883474 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom12070918 |
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author | Ma, Yafei Mackon, Enerand Jeazet Dongho Epse Mackon, Guibeline Charlie Zhao, Yitong Li, Qiufeng Dai, Xianggui Yao, Yuhang Xia, Xiuzhong Nong, Baoxuan Liu, Piqing |
author_facet | Ma, Yafei Mackon, Enerand Jeazet Dongho Epse Mackon, Guibeline Charlie Zhao, Yitong Li, Qiufeng Dai, Xianggui Yao, Yuhang Xia, Xiuzhong Nong, Baoxuan Liu, Piqing |
author_sort | Ma, Yafei |
collection | PubMed |
description | Rice grain yield is a complex and highly variable quantitative trait consisting of several key components, including the grain weight, the effective panicles per unit area, and the grain number per panicle (GNPP). The GNPP is a significant contributor to grain yield controlled by multiple genes (QTL) and is crucial for improvement. Attempts have been made to find genes for this trait, which has always been a challenging and arduous task through conventional methods. We combined a BSA analysis, RNA profiling, and a metabolome analysis in the present study to identify new candidate genes involved in the GNPP. The F(2) population from crossing R4233 (high GNPP) and Ce679 (low GNPP) revealed a frequency distribution fitting two segregated genes. Three pools, including low, middle, and high GNPP, were constructed and a BSA analysis revealed six candidate regions spanning 5.38 Mb, containing 739 annotated genes. Further, a conjunctive analysis of BSA-Seq and RNA-Seq showed 31 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the candidate intervals. Subsequently, a metabolome analysis showed 1024 metabolites, with 71 significantly enriched, including 44 up and 27 downregulated in Ce679 vs. R4233. A KEGG enrichment analysis of these 31 DEGs and 71 differentially enriched metabolites (DEMs) showed two genes, Os12g0102100 and Os01g0580500, significantly enriched in the metabolic pathways’ biosynthesis of secondary metabolites, cysteine and methionine metabolism, and fatty acid biosynthesis. Os12g0102100, which encodes for the alcohol dehydrogenase superfamily and a zinc-containing protein, is a novel gene whose contribution to the GNPP is not yet elucidated. This gene coding for mitochondrial trans-2-enoyl-CoA reductase is involved in the biosynthesis of myristic acid, also known as tetradecanoic acid. The Os01g0580500 coding for the enzyme 1-aminoclopropane-1-carboxylate oxidase (OsACO7) is responsible for the final step of the ethylene biosynthesis pathway through the conversion of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) into ethylene. Unlike Os12g0102100, this gene was significantly upregulated in R4233, downregulated in Ce679, and significantly enriched in two of the three metabolite pathways. This result pointed out that these two genes are responsible for the difference in the GNPP in the two cultivars, which has never been identified. Further validation studies may disclose the physiological mechanisms through which they regulate the GNPP in rice. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9313402 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-93134022022-07-26 Combined Analysis of BSA-Seq Based Mapping, RNA-Seq, and Metabolomic Unraveled Candidate Genes Associated with Panicle Grain Number in Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Ma, Yafei Mackon, Enerand Jeazet Dongho Epse Mackon, Guibeline Charlie Zhao, Yitong Li, Qiufeng Dai, Xianggui Yao, Yuhang Xia, Xiuzhong Nong, Baoxuan Liu, Piqing Biomolecules Article Rice grain yield is a complex and highly variable quantitative trait consisting of several key components, including the grain weight, the effective panicles per unit area, and the grain number per panicle (GNPP). The GNPP is a significant contributor to grain yield controlled by multiple genes (QTL) and is crucial for improvement. Attempts have been made to find genes for this trait, which has always been a challenging and arduous task through conventional methods. We combined a BSA analysis, RNA profiling, and a metabolome analysis in the present study to identify new candidate genes involved in the GNPP. The F(2) population from crossing R4233 (high GNPP) and Ce679 (low GNPP) revealed a frequency distribution fitting two segregated genes. Three pools, including low, middle, and high GNPP, were constructed and a BSA analysis revealed six candidate regions spanning 5.38 Mb, containing 739 annotated genes. Further, a conjunctive analysis of BSA-Seq and RNA-Seq showed 31 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the candidate intervals. Subsequently, a metabolome analysis showed 1024 metabolites, with 71 significantly enriched, including 44 up and 27 downregulated in Ce679 vs. R4233. A KEGG enrichment analysis of these 31 DEGs and 71 differentially enriched metabolites (DEMs) showed two genes, Os12g0102100 and Os01g0580500, significantly enriched in the metabolic pathways’ biosynthesis of secondary metabolites, cysteine and methionine metabolism, and fatty acid biosynthesis. Os12g0102100, which encodes for the alcohol dehydrogenase superfamily and a zinc-containing protein, is a novel gene whose contribution to the GNPP is not yet elucidated. This gene coding for mitochondrial trans-2-enoyl-CoA reductase is involved in the biosynthesis of myristic acid, also known as tetradecanoic acid. The Os01g0580500 coding for the enzyme 1-aminoclopropane-1-carboxylate oxidase (OsACO7) is responsible for the final step of the ethylene biosynthesis pathway through the conversion of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) into ethylene. Unlike Os12g0102100, this gene was significantly upregulated in R4233, downregulated in Ce679, and significantly enriched in two of the three metabolite pathways. This result pointed out that these two genes are responsible for the difference in the GNPP in the two cultivars, which has never been identified. Further validation studies may disclose the physiological mechanisms through which they regulate the GNPP in rice. MDPI 2022-06-29 /pmc/articles/PMC9313402/ /pubmed/35883474 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom12070918 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Ma, Yafei Mackon, Enerand Jeazet Dongho Epse Mackon, Guibeline Charlie Zhao, Yitong Li, Qiufeng Dai, Xianggui Yao, Yuhang Xia, Xiuzhong Nong, Baoxuan Liu, Piqing Combined Analysis of BSA-Seq Based Mapping, RNA-Seq, and Metabolomic Unraveled Candidate Genes Associated with Panicle Grain Number in Rice (Oryza sativa L.) |
title | Combined Analysis of BSA-Seq Based Mapping, RNA-Seq, and Metabolomic Unraveled Candidate Genes Associated with Panicle Grain Number in Rice (Oryza sativa L.) |
title_full | Combined Analysis of BSA-Seq Based Mapping, RNA-Seq, and Metabolomic Unraveled Candidate Genes Associated with Panicle Grain Number in Rice (Oryza sativa L.) |
title_fullStr | Combined Analysis of BSA-Seq Based Mapping, RNA-Seq, and Metabolomic Unraveled Candidate Genes Associated with Panicle Grain Number in Rice (Oryza sativa L.) |
title_full_unstemmed | Combined Analysis of BSA-Seq Based Mapping, RNA-Seq, and Metabolomic Unraveled Candidate Genes Associated with Panicle Grain Number in Rice (Oryza sativa L.) |
title_short | Combined Analysis of BSA-Seq Based Mapping, RNA-Seq, and Metabolomic Unraveled Candidate Genes Associated with Panicle Grain Number in Rice (Oryza sativa L.) |
title_sort | combined analysis of bsa-seq based mapping, rna-seq, and metabolomic unraveled candidate genes associated with panicle grain number in rice (oryza sativa l.) |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9313402/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35883474 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom12070918 |
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